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Automatic Generation Control Of UAE power system

United Arab Emirates University College of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Graduation Project II. Automatic Generation Control Of UAE power system. Project Advisor : Dr. Abdulla Ismail. Out line:. Introduction. Summary about our project. Review GP1 task.

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Automatic Generation Control Of UAE power system

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  1. United Arab Emirates University College of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Graduation Project II Automatic Generation Control Of UAE power system Project Advisor : Dr. Abdulla Ismail

  2. Out line: • Introduction. • Summary about our project. • Review GP1 task. • Load Frequency Controller (LFC). • Single area LFC System with PI controller model • Multi-areas LFC System with PI controller model • fuzzy logic controller • Single Area LFC with fuzzy logic controller • Single Area LFC with fuzzy logic and Integral controller • Comparison between fuzzy and integral controller • Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR). • Single area AVR System with PI D controller model • Multi-areas AVR System with PID controller model • Automatic Generation Controller (AGC) • Conclusion.

  3. Introduction • The Project: • Automatic Generation Control system • The Advantages: • Limits the variations • Avoid machine damages • Avoid blackouts • Enhance the system reliability and security

  4. AGC Overview Gp1

  5. Review GP1 task

  6. Load Frequency Control (LFC)

  7. Load Frequency Control (LFC) • Feedback. • Sensor. • Frequency fixed. • Frequency of UAE power system = 50 Hz

  8. Load Frequency Controller (LFC) • Single area LFC System model with PI controller model Case 1: Non-reheater LFC with PI controller model

  9. Load Frequency Controller (LFC) The frequency error of reheater with PI and without PI controller model

  10. Load Frequency Controller (LFC) • Case 2: Um-Annar LFC with PI controller model

  11. Load Frequency Controller (LFC) The frequency error of Um-Annar with PI controller model

  12. Load Frequency Controller (LFC) 2. Multi-areas LFC System with PI controller model

  13. Load Frequency Controller (LFC) Frequency error for two different LFC system areas with PI and without controller

  14. Introduction to the fuzzy logic Logic, discrete and crisp 0 OR 1 Some thing between 0 and 1 Fuzzy logic

  15. Fuzzy Logic Control Application • Automatic control • Data classification • Decision analysis • Expert systems • Computer vision • Cameras • Washing machines • Microwave ovens • Industrial process control • Medical instrumentation

  16. Fuzzy Controller Elements fuzzy controller is composed of the following four elements: • A rule-base (a set of If-Then rules) • An inference mechanism • A fuzzification interface • A defuzzification interface

  17. Block diagram of a fuzzy control system

  18. Fuzzy logic process • Fuzzify the input : • Frequency deviation • Frequency deviation rate

  19. Fuzzy logic process Positive frequency deviation Negative frequency deviation Positive frequency deviation rate Negative frequency deviation rate

  20. Rule Table for power system LFC model

  21. Fuzzy logic process

  22. Fuzzy logic process

  23. Fuzzy logic process

  24. Single Area LFC with Fizzy logic • Case 1 Single Areas Reheater model with Fuzzy logic Controller

  25. Single Area LFC with Fizzy logic output The frequency error of reheater with fuzzy logic controller model

  26. Comparing between Fuzzy and integral controller

  27. Single Area LFC with Fizzy logic and integral controller • Single Areas reheater LFC with fuzzy logic and Integral controller model

  28. Single Area LFC with Fizzy logic and integral controller output

  29. Comparing between Fuzzy and integral controller

  30. Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR)

  31. Introduction for the AVR system • What is the AVR system? • Why we need the AVR system? • Where its connect in the power system? • What elements its consist of?

  32. The AVR system • Make the system efficient. • Consist of sensor, amplifier, exciter and generator. • Deals with the reactive power.

  33. This is diagram for AVR system and it shows where it is connected in the generation system The AVR system

  34. Modeling and Simulation: Simple AVR System:

  35. What is Happening in the AVR system? • The amplifier comes first in the AVR system to amplify the error signal. • Then the error signals alter the exciter and consequently the generator. • The sensor sense the voltage output and send it to the transducer and the transducer send in the signal after comparing it to the amplifier.

  36. Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) • Single Area (AVR) without PID controller

  37. Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR)

  38. Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) • Single Area Automatic Voltage Control (AVR) with PID controller

  39. The output voltage with PID controller Case 1 : (Kd=0.2,Ki=0.2,Kp=0.2). Case 2 : (Kd=0.1,Ki=0.1,Kp=1). Case 3 : (Kd=3,Ki=0.3,Kp=0.1). Case 4 : (Kd=0.3,Ki=1,Kp=0.2).

  40. Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) The case 1 is the best case because it has less time settling, less overshoot and less steady state error.

  41. Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) • Multi-areas LFC System with PID controller model

  42. Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) • Studying cases of AVR system of two area: • - Case 1:Area 1 and 2 are in the normal situation. (V1=0& V2=0) . • - Case 2: Area 1 is overloaded at step o f 0.1. Area 2 is in the normal situation. (V1 = 0.1& V2= 0) . • - Case 3: Areas 1 and 2 are overloaded at step of 0.1 for each area. (V1 = 0.1& V2 = 0.1) . • - Case 4: Area 1 and 2 are overloaded at step of 0.1 and 0.2 respectively. (V1 = 0.1& V2 = 0.2) .

  43. The output voltage response with PID controller ( two area) Case 1: (V1=0& V2=0) Case 2: (V1 = 0.1& V2= 0) Case 3: (V1 = 0.1& V2 = 0.1) Case 4: (V1 = 0.1& V2 = 0.2)

  44. Advantages and Disadvantages PID Advantages of PID: • Fast response and small error (due to the proportional gain). • Reduced steady-state error (due to the integral gain). • - Reduced overshoot (due to the derivative gain). Disadvantages of PID: • There is no formal way to determine the best PID gains.

  45. Automatic Generation Controller (AGC) • The connection between the AVR and the LFC systems only represented in some constants K1, K2…etc. • The main concentration in AGC system is the LFC part more than the AVR system. • If the LFC system wasn’t stable the AGC system will not be stable

  46. Automatic Generation Controller case 1 : AGC ( LFC (Um annar ) without controller & AVR) case 2 :AGC ( LFC (Um annar ) with controller & AVR) case3 :AGC ( LFC Non Reaheater) with PI controller & AVR with PID controller )

  47. AGC ( LFC (Um annar ) without controller & AVR) LFC (Um annar) AVR system

  48. AGC ( LFC (Um annar ) without controller & AVR) Case 2: K1=1,K2=5,K3=0.3,K4=0 Case 1: K1=1, k2=0 ,k3=0.8 , k4=1 Case 3: K1=0,K2=3,K3=0.2,K4=0.8 Case 4 :K1=0.5,K2=1,K3=0,K4=5

  49. The output of AGC ( LFC (Um annar ) without controller & AVR) • best Case : K1= 1 , K2= -1.3 , K3=0.1 ,K4=4

  50. AGC (LFC without controller and AVR)

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