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APPLICATIONS OF METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION (MSG)

APPLICATIONS OF METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION (MSG). SNOW DETECTION Author: J. Kerkmann (EUMETSAT) (kerkmann@eumetsat.de) Contributors: D. Rosenfeld (HUJ), H. Kocak (Turkey) H. J. Lutz (EUMETSAT). Snow and fog over Central and Eastern Europe 24 February 2003.

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APPLICATIONS OF METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION (MSG)

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  1. APPLICATIONS OF METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION (MSG) SNOW DETECTION Author: J. Kerkmann (EUMETSAT) (kerkmann@eumetsat.de) Contributors: D. Rosenfeld (HUJ), H. Kocak (Turkey) H. J. Lutz (EUMETSAT)

  2. Snow and fog over Centraland Eastern Europe 24 February 2003

  3. MSG-1, 24 Feb 2003, 11:00 UTC, HRV Channel Best channel to detect snow, but difficult to discriminate between snow and fog/low Stratus !!!

  4. MSG-1, 24 Feb 2003, 11:00 UTC, Channel 02 (VIS0.8) Shows less details compared to HRV channel ! (should not be used if HRV is available)

  5. MSG-1, 24 Feb 2003, 11:00 UTC, Channel 03 (NIR1.6) Very good discrimination between snow and water clouds !

  6. MSG-1, 24 Feb 2003, 11:00 UTC, Channel 04 (IR3.9) Also good discrimination between snow and water clouds !

  7. to see IR10.8 MSG-1, 24 Feb 2003, 11:00 UTC, Channel 04r (IR3.9r) Discrimination power of IR3.9 is in the solar/reflected component !

  8. MSG-1, 24 Feb 2003, 11:00 UTC, Diff. IR3.9 - IR10.8 Similar to IR3.9r (except for high, cold clouds) !

  9. High reflectance (snow, thick water clouds) Low reflectance (sea) Non-discrimination of snow and fog with the VIS0.8 channel24 Feb 2003, 11:00 UTC Click on the icon tosee the animation(11:00-12:45 UTC,AVI, 1373 KB) !

  10. High reflectance (water clouds) Low reflectance (snow, sea) Snow detection using the SEVIRI NIR 1.6 channel 24 Feb 2003 11:00 UTC Click on the icon tosee the animation(11:00-12:45 UTC,AVI, 1242 KB) !

  11. Low reflectance (snow, sea) High reflectance (water clouds) Snow detection using the SEVIRI IR 3.9 channel24 Feb 2003, 11:00 UTC Click on the icon tosee the animation(11:00-12:45 UTC,AVI, 1479 KB) !

  12. Recommended RGB for snow/fog monitoring 24 Feb 2003, 11:00 UTC, RGB VIS0.8-NIR1.6-IR3.9r

  13. Alternative RGB for snow/fog monitoring 24 Feb 2003, 11:00 UTC, RGB NIR1.6-VIS0.8-VIS0.6

  14. Snow detection using SEVIRI HRV images 24 Feb 2003, 12:00 UTC, RGB HRV-HRV-IR10.8

  15. Snow and fog/low clouds over Central Europe 25 October 2003

  16. VIS0.6 VIS0.8 NIR1.6 Snow & fog/low stratus as seen in VIS and NIR images 25 Oct 2003, 09:00 UTC

  17. VIS0.8 HRV Snow & fog/low stratus as seen in VIS0.8 and HRV images 25 Oct 2003, 09:00 UTC

  18. IR3.9 IR10.8 Snow & fog/low stratus as seen in IR images 25 Oct 2003, 09:00 UTC

  19. Recommended RGB for snow/fog monitoring 25 Oct 2003, 09:00 UTC, RGB VIS0.8-NIR1.6-IR3.9r

  20. Alternative RGB for snow/fog monitoring 25 Oct 2003, 09:00 UTC, RGB NIR1.6-VIS0.8-VIS0.6

  21. Final enhancements of the RGB composite can help to highlight snow/fog areas ! MSG-1 25 October 2003 09:00 UTC RGB Composite R = NIR1.6 G = VIS0.8 B = VIS0.6

  22. Snow Index: (NIR1.6 - VIS0.6) / (NIR1.6 + VIS0.6) Snow detection using difference between NIR1.6 and VIS0.6 channels MSG-1 25 October 2003 09:00 UTC Difference Image NIR1.6-VIS0.6

  23. Zoom of previous image MSG-1 25 October 2003 09:00 UTC Difference Image NIR1.6-VIS0.6

  24. Snow over the Alps 26 September 2003

  25. Poor snow cover over the Alps during summer 2003 MSG-1 26 September 2003 09:30 UTC RGB Composite R = NIR1.6 G = VIS0.8 B = VIS0.6 snow

  26. Snow and clouds over Turkey 27 November 2004

  27. MSG-1, 27 Nov 2004, 10:00 UTC, HRV Channel Best channel to detect snow, but difficult to discriminate between snow and clouds !!!

  28. MSG-1, 27 Nov 2004, 10:00 UTC, Channel 02 (VIS0.8) Shows less details compared to HRV channel ! (should not be used if HRV is available)

  29. MSG-1, 27 Nov 2004, 10:00 UTC, Channel 03 (NIR1.6) Better discrimination between snow and water clouds !

  30. MSG-1, 27 Nov 2004, 10:00 UTC, Channel 04r (IR3.9r) Also good discrimination between snow and water clouds !

  31. MSG-1, 27 Nov 2004, 10:00 UTC, Diff. IR3.9 - IR10.8 Also good discrimination between snow and water clouds !

  32. MSG-1, 27 Nov 2004, 10:00 UTC, RGB VIS0.8-NIR1.6-IR3.9r Recommended RGB for discrimination between snow and clouds !

  33. MSG-1, 27 Nov 2004, 10:00 UTC, RGB NIR1.6-VIS0.8-VIS0.6 Alternative RGB for discrimination between snow and clouds !

  34. Melting fresh snow in the Po Valley, Italy 19 January 2005

  35. MSG-1, 19 Jan 2005, 09:00 UTC, RGB VIS0.8-NIR1.6-IR3.9r Recommended RGB for discrimination between snow and clouds !

  36. Click on the icon tosee the animation(08:15-13:30 UTC,AVI, 6067 KB) ! MSG-1 19 January 2005 09:00 UTC RGB Composite R = HRV G = HRV B = IR10.8i

  37. Click on the icon to see the animation(09:00-14:00 UTC,AVI, 17064 KB) ! MSG-1 19 January 2005 09:00 UTC RGB Composite R = NIR1.6 G = HRV B = HRV

  38. SUMMARY

  39. Detection of Snow duringDay-Time • HRV: to disciminate between fog and ground (snow white, ground darker) • VIS0.6 and VIS0.8: less useful because of lower horizontal resolution • NIR1.6, IR3.9, IR3.9r or IR3.9-IR10.8: to discriminate between fog/low clouds and snow (fog high reflectivity, snow low reflectivity) • Recommended RGB: 02-03-04r (VIS0.8-NIR1.6-IR3.9r) • Alternative RGB: 03-02-01 (NIR1.6-VIS0.8-VIS0.6) • Recommended RGB with HRV: 03-12-12 (NIR1.6, HRV, HRV)

  40. Detection of Snow duringNight-Time • Snow detection at night is very difficult ! • RGB 10-09, 09-04, 09 to detect clouds • IR10.8 or IR3.9: to discriminate between snow and snow-free ground (only possible if snow colder than snow-free ground !)

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