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Brazil’s Zero Hunger Programme

Brazil’s Zero Hunger Programme. Jose Graziano Da Silva. Brussels Policy Development Briefing no.23 Brussels, 15Th June 2011. BRAZIL 2010. Population (est.) : 190 million people Area: 8.5 million km² 26 states, 5,564 municipalities and the Federal District GDP = US$ 2.02 trillion ‏

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Brazil’s Zero Hunger Programme

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  1. Brazil’s Zero Hunger Programme Jose Graziano Da Silva Brussels Policy Development Briefing no.23 Brussels, 15Th June 2011

  2. BRAZIL 2010 Population (est.): 190 million people Area: 8.5 million km² 26 states, 5,564 municipalities and the Federal District GDP = US$ 2.02 trillion‏ GDP per capita : U$ 10,471 Gini Index (2009): 0.493

  3. Population 175 million GDP growth 1.9% per annum GDP per capita (PPP) $7,400 Gini Coefficient 0.596 Brazil was a major exporter of food to the rest of the world, but surveys showed about that about 50 million Brazilians were suffering from chronic hunger Brazil 2002

  4. Brazilian income inequality has decreased

  5. “If, at the end of my term in office, all Brazilians can have three meals a day, I will have fulfilled my mission in life” Zero Hunger Programme focuses on improving nutrition as the entry point for rapid poverty reduction, social inclusion, improved health and education, and better living conditions for rural people involved in food production January 2003Lula launches Zero Hunger Programme

  6. Improves access of the poor to adequate food and nutrition Food card for poorest families (later converted to Bolsa Familia) School meals Emergency feeding Harnesses extra demand to boost small-scale farming Credit, extension and public sector food purchase Rural water supply (“cisternas”) Addresses structural causes of food insecurity Land reform; links to macro-economic policies (e.g. minimum wage) Zero Hunger Programme

  7. PROGRAMS AND ACTIONS 2. Strengthening of Family Agriculture 1. Food Access • Financing for Small-Scale Farming • Income: Bolsa Família • Food Programs: • School Meals • Food to Specific Population Groups • Food and Nutrition Education • Food and Nutrition Monitoring/ Planning • Workers’ Canteens • Food Acquisition Program (PAA) • Local and Regional SAN Networks: Popular Restaurants, Community Kitchens, Fairs, Urban Agriculture and Food Banks • Water: Cisterns 3. Income Generation 4. Mobilization and social oversight • Social and Professional Qualification: PLANSEC / Bolsa Família • Social Oversight and Committees • Solidarity Economy and Productive Inclusion • Citizenship Education and Social Mobilization • Oriented Productive Microcredit • prívate sector Donations • SAN Regional Arrangements: • CONSADs, Territory of Citizenship • Partnerships with enterprises and entities

  8. Amalgamation of food card and other grants in single conditional social protection programme - Bolsa Familia Management passed from Special Ministry to Ministry for Social Development Major policy formulation and monitoring role for National Council for Food and Nutrition Security (CONSEA), including civil society Incorporation of Right to Food in Constitution School meals law requires 30% of food purchases from small-scale farmers Evolution of Zero Hunger Programme

  9. Bolsa Familia Coverage and Financial Resource Allocation 7.70 bi US$ 8.00 7.00 bi US$ 7.2 6.23 bi US$ 6.00 5.29 bi 4.58 bi US$ 5.00 4.00 bi 3.29 bi US$ 3.80 1.88 bi US$ 2.00 US$ 0.8 US$ 0.00

  10. Some Results

  11. Next Steps in Brazil ”BRAZIL WITHOUT POVERTY” Launched June 2011 Focus on 16.2 million still in extreme poverty Expand cash transfer (Bolsa Familia) to 800,000 more families Better access to education, health, sanitation, water, electricity Skills training (incl. rubbish pickers) Expand funding for input and marketing programmes for ultra-poor farmers

  12. Lessons for Other Countries • Be bold: aim for full and lasting hunger eradication • Make ending hunger central element of national policy: • Ensure participation of all sectors; engage civil society • Understand why and where people are hungry • Accept that agricultural growth alone will not cut hunger • Use targeted social protection for families via women, as entry point • Use extra food demand to stimulate small-scale farm growth • Begin to address structural issues • Assure sustainability through legislation on right to food

  13. Lula’s goal not yet met, but rapid progress towards ending chronic hunger and malnutrition achieved Social protection is high return investment in human capital – not charity With the right policies, hunger reduction can drive small-scale agricultural development Linking hunger reduction and agricultural development generates big economic benefits, where most needed Improves income distribution and resilience to shocks Makes political sense in democracies Conclusions

  14. I think that it is great that people finally understand that making the poor less poor is good for the economy. They become customers, they go to the shopping malls, they buy items that only the middle class could before Lula’s Assessment

  15. Thanks!!! Jose Graziano Da Silva • www.grazianodasilva.org • grazianodasilva2011@gmail.com

  16. Conditionalities Bolsa Familia Program(BFP)

  17. A typical beneficiary family BFP Lives in the urban area of a Northeastern, in its own house Is headed by a black woman, aged 37, self-employed, not covered by social insurance, with incomplete basic schooling. Familly has four people. Was registered and granted a benefit in Bolsa Família in 2006 Its children attend public schools and are currently behind in school Earns a monthly per capita income of US$ 26.18 Receives a financial benefit of US$ 60.00

  18. Bolsa Família Program Outcomes Reduction in incomeinequality 21% of thereductionachieved in incomeinequalitywasdueto BFP (2004-2006). Soares et alii, 2006. Extreme poverty BFP explains 18% of thereduction in thepoverty gap and a quarter of thereduction in thesquarepoverty gap (from 5.9% to 4.6%) Soares and Satyro, 2009. In 2009, 4.3 millionout of 12.4 millionbeneficiaryfamilieshavecrossedthe extreme poverty line (US$ 41.18 per capitamonthly) byreceivingthefinancialbenefits Senarc, 2010. Impact of thefinancialbenefitsoverthe per-capitamonthlyincome Median increase of income: 48.7% (fromUS$ 28.64 to US$ 42.60), whichallowsfamiliestocrossthe extreme povertythreshold Increase of 60% in themonthly per-capitaincome in North and Northeasternareas SENARC, 2010.

  19. Bolsa Família Programme Outcomes Impacts on health Increase of child immunization rates (15-25 pp, according to the vaccine). Beneficiary pregnant women have 1.5 as many pre-natal doctor attendances as non-beneficiaries with the same social and economic profile probability of being born full term is 14.1 pp higher for children in families that receive the benefit. Bolsa Familia Impact Evaluation Research, 2010. Impacts on education Increase of 4.4 pp in school attendance of 6-17 year-old children Increase of 6 pp in school promotion of 6-17 year-old beneficiary children Bolsa Familia Impact Evaluation Research, 2010. Bolsa Familia students show lower drop-out rates than students of public schools Source: Education Ministry (MEC)

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