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Part 13

Part 13. Week 16, 17, 18 and 19 The Atmosphere. Modules 3, 4, 7 and 8 in AP The study of the Air and the Atmosphere and how we measure them Movement of the Atmosphere - Air Masses, Winds and Storms Weather Prediction. Next test: Week 19 T Jan 23/25 - covers the atmosphere and hydrosphere

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Part 13

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  1. Part 13

  2. Week 16, 17, 18 and 19The Atmosphere Modules 3, 4, 7 and 8 in AP The study of the Air and the Atmosphere and how we measure them Movement of the Atmosphere - Air Masses, Winds and Storms Weather Prediction • Next test: Week 19 T Jan 23/25 - covers the atmosphere and hydrosphere • Week 20 A Jan 30 - I will be away - analysis exercise • U of IL - Wx Course • Lyndon State Course 2

  3. Prep Questions • Week 16 • (1) What role does the sun play in causing seasons and the weather? • (2) What is the composition of the air? • (3) What is the role of each component? • Week 17 • (1) What are the 5 layers of the atmosphere? • (2) What is temperature? • (3) What is Ozone hole? • Week 18 • (1) What factors influence the weather? • (2) What are the weather elements? • Week 19 • (1) What are the factors that cause precipitation? • (2) What are the differences and common characteristics of a thunderstorm, tornado, hurricane and a nor'easter low pressure system?

  4. Current Weather Review

  5. Small Scale dynamics and Regional and Local Scale Influence on Weather • Scales of Motion and Balance of Forces • Global - synoptic scale • Mesoscale alpha, beta and gamma • Microscale • Types of local forcing • Land - water • Terrain • Heat Island and related influences • Islands

  6. Cascade of Energy of Wind Big whorls have little whorls, Which feed on their velocity; And little whorls have lesser whorls, And so on to viscosity. Lewis Richardson 1922

  7. Big whorls have little whorls, Which feed on their velocity; And little whorls have lesser whorls, And so on to viscosity. Lewis Richardson 1922 Size Scale 2000+ mi Global 2000 mi Synoptic (U.S.) 200 mi Mesoscale (State) 1 mi Micro Long Waves Jet Streams Note - nor'easter and hurricanes temporarily reverses the flow. “Weather Map” Scale Low Press Systems Mid-Lat. Cyclones Tropical Storms Hurricanes Thunderstorm Complexes Lines, Bands Thunderstorm Cells Tornadoes Downbursts 1 foot Turbulence Time ScaleWeeks Days Hours Minutes Seconds

  8. NREL Video 2K Mi 3.2K-km 1K Mi 1.6K-km 500 mi 800 km 200 mi 320 km 100 mi 160 Km 1 mi 1.6 km 10 ft 3 m Planetary Synoptic Meso Large Meso Small Micro Jet Stream Low Pres Sys Tstm Complex Supercell Turbulence

  9. RE

  10. Monsoons • Seasonal Reversal of winds ( huge land -sea breeze) • Example India and SW US

  11. The stability of the air has a great influence on the type and extent of rotor type circulation that develops. The more unstable the more extensive the rotor.

  12. Microscale Rotors

  13. Wake Vorticies Downstream of Islands

  14. End

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