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FIGURES OF SPEECH. FIGURES OF SPEECH. words or phrases that depart from straightforward literal language used and crafted for emphasis , freshness , expression , or clarity . sometimes called a rhetorical figure or a locution . 1. SIMILE.
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FIGURES OF SPEECH • words or phrases that depart from straightforward literal language • used and crafted for emphasis, freshness, expression, or clarity. • sometimes called a rhetorical figure or a locution.
1. SIMILE • Expressed comparison between unlike things that have a common quality. • Can be identified by the use of as or like. • Examples: • The little stars, like the little children, went first to bed. • Far in the distance the river gleamed as a flashing sword of silver.
2. METAPHOR • an implied comparison between things essentially different but having some common quality. • Examples: • A train is a dragon that roars through the dark. • Love is a rose but you better not pick it.
3.PERSONIFICATION • ascribes intelligence, action, or feeling to abstract ideas of inanimate things. • Examples: • The first rays of morning tiptoed through the meadow. • The flowers waltzed in the gentle breeze.
4.APOSTROPHE • The dead are addressed to be living; the absent as if present; and the inanimate object and abstract idea as if they were person. • Example: • Oh world ! I cannot hold thee close enough. • Believe it is the lost wisdom of my grandfather whose ways were his own and who died before I could ask.
5. ALLUSION • For rhetorical effect, reference is made to some familiar fact of history or literature. • Example: • There is no “Open Sesame” to the treasure of learning.
6. HYPERBOLE • An exaggerated statement made for effect. • Example: • I have looked all over creation for my book. • It is going to take a bazillionyears to get through Medical School.
7. ALLITERATION • Repetition of initial similar consonant sound. • Example: • The soul selects her own society. • You'll never put a better bit of butter on your knife. • Vowel – assonance • Johnny went here and there and everywhere.
8. METONYMY • the use of the name of one thing for that of another of which it is an attribute or with which it is associated • (as *crown* in *lands belonging to the crown*) • The pen is mightier than sword.
9. OXYMORON • plural oxymora, two opposite ideas are joined to create an effect. • The common oxymoron is a combination of an adjective proceeded by a noun with contrasting meanings • e.g. “cruel kindness” or “living death”.
10. REPETITION • is the simple repeating of a word, within a sentence or a poetical line, with no particular placement of the words, in order to provide emphasis. • Today, as never before, the fates of men are so intimately linked to one another that a disaster for one is a disaster for everybody.(Natalia Ginzburg, The Little Virtues, 1962)
11. REPETEND • An instance of using a word, phrase, or clause more than once in a short • "I want her to live. I want her to breathe. I want her toaerobicize."
A. alliteration B. apostrophe C. allusion D. personification E. repetend F. hyperbole G. Metaphor H. simile I. oxymoron J. metonymy K. repetition • "Good coffee is like friendship: rich and warm and strong.“ • "You'll never put a better bit of butter on your knife." • A horse is a horse, of course, of course, and no one can talk to a horse of course. • All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand. • Death, where is thy sting? O grave, where is thy victory? • Earth felt the wound, and Nature from her seat sighing through all her works gave signs of woe. • He was eager to help but his legs were rubber. • Hold fast to dreams for if dreams die…Hold fast to dreams for when dreams go… • I am going on a working vacation. • I violated the Noah rule: predicting rain doesn't count; building arks does.
