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Beginning Greek for Bible Study

Evgw, eivmi to; A[lfa. Beginning Greek for Bible Study. Class #1. kai; to; w =. An example. For by grace you have been saved through faith; and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God ; - Ephesians 2:8 What is the gift?

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Beginning Greek for Bible Study

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  1. Evgw, eivmi to; A[lfa Beginning Greek for Bible Study Class #1 kai; to; w=

  2. An example • For by grace you have been saved through faith; and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God; - Ephesians 2:8 • What is the gift? • Th/: ga;r cavritiv evste sesw/smevnoi dia; pivstewV kai; tou:to ouvk evx uJmw:n qeou: to; dw:ron

  3. The Dangers of Learning a Little Greek (pp. xviii-xx) • A little knowledge can be dangerous! • Remember you are learning how to use the tools of Greek. You will not be a Greek expert by taking this class. • After this class, you will sound authoritative to others. Be careful! • Guard your heart from pride (James 4:6). • Humbly rely on those who ARE Greek scholars. • Remember Prov. 1:7.

  4. The Greek Language

  5. Koine Greek (koinhv) • Koine, or biblical Greek, is the type of Greek we will be learning. • Koine means “common,” as it was the common language of the people. • Because Koine was a universal language, it was very easy for the New Testament to spread during the first century. • It is also significant that God used a common, universal language to communicate the gospel of Jesus Christ to people.

  6. The Greek Alphabet

  7. Alphabet helps • If you can say the name of the letter, you know the sound of the letter. • Though you don’t need to know the capital letters right away, you’ll need to learn them in order to read in the Greek NT. • g normally has a “g” sound, but when it is followed by g, k, c, or x, it is pronounced as a n which has a “n” sound. Hence, a[ggeloVis pronounced, “angelos.” • Sometimes an iota occurs underneath an a, h, or w. This is called an iota subscript. This type of iota is not pronounced, but it is significant for meaning.

  8. Dipthongs • ai – as in aisle • ei – as in eight • oi – as in oil • au – as in Sauerkraut • ou – as in soup • ui – as in suite • eu & hu– as in feud

  9. Breathing Marks • Every word beginning with a vowel or r has a breathing mark • Smooth – not pronounced • j • ajpostoloV • jIsrahl • Rough – pronounced as an “h” sound • J • Juper • Jrabbi

  10. Breathing Marks • Every word beginning with a dipthong takes a breathing mark over the second vowel • Aijtew – “I ask”

  11. Pronunciation

  12. Accents • Greek has three accent marks:

  13. Punctuation • There are four punctuation marks found in the Greek New Testament:

  14. Pronunciation Ejn ajrch: h\n oJ lovgoV kai; oJ lovgoV h\n pro;V to;n qeovn kai; qeo;V h\n oJ lovgoV. Ou[twj ga.r hvga,phsen o` qeo.j to.n ko,smon( w[ste to.n ui`o.n to.n monogenh/ e;dwken( i[na pa/j o` pisteu,wn eivj auvto.n mh. avpo,lhtai avllV e;ch| zwh.n aivw,nionÅ

  15. Advanced Class 1

  16. Where did our alphabet come from?

  17. The Greek New Testament • The Greek New Testament was completed about 100 AD • Scholars have discovered over 24,000 manuscripts and fragments of the NT in Greek & Latin

  18. The Oldest NT Manuscript – John (p52 – 125 AD)

  19. Colossians fragment in Coptic (3rd Century AD)

  20. The Septuagint (LXX) - SoS filhsa,tw me avpo. filhma,twn sto,matoj auvtou/ o[ti avgaqoi. mastoi, sou u`pe.r oi=non "May he kiss me with the kisses of his mouth! For your love is better than wine.”– SoS 1:2

  21. Codex Sinaiticus (4th century AD) pa,nta diV auvtou/ evge,neto( kai. cwri.jauvtou/ evge,neto ouvde. e[no] ge,gonen All things came into being through Him, and apart from Him nothing came into being that has come into being. – John 1:3

  22. How Greek Works • English: The boy hit the ball • Greek: • The boy hit the ball • Hit the boy the ball • The ball hit the boy • The boy the ball hit • The ball the boy hit

  23. Inflection • Perhaps the greatest difference between English and Greek is that of syntax – the way words show their relationship to each other in a sentence. • In English, we typically understand the function of the words in a sentence by the word order • But in Greek, we understand the function of the words by their inflection. Inflection is how a word changes based on the function of the word.

  24. Inflection • In English, the only real inflection we have is in our pronouns

  25. Inflection • He hit the ball. • The ball hit him. • The red one is his ball.

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