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Formation of Urine

Formation of Urine. What is urine?. Urine is made up of water Certain electrolytes Various wastes that are filtered out of your bloodstream. Where is urine made?. Urine is made in the nephrons ! there are ~ 1 million nephrons in each kidney

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Formation of Urine

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  1. Formation of Urine

  2. What is urine? • Urine is made up of • water • Certain electrolytes • Various wastes that are filtered out of your bloodstream

  3. Where is urine made? • Urine is made in the nephrons! • there are ~ 1 million nephrons in each kidney • Urine formation is happening in all nephrons at the same time!

  4. Urine is formed through

  5. Glomerular Filtration • Water and dissolved substances are filtered OUT of blood and INTOnephron • This filtered fluid is called filtrate

  6. Filtration Afferent Arteriole Blood Glomerulus Filtration Filtrate enters Bowman’s Capsule

  7. Filtration • Blood enters the glomerulus – a high pressure filter • Dissolved solutes from blood enter Bowman’s capsule (due to pores in the glomerulus and the↑ blood pressure) Pg 451 Table 10.1 – what doesn’t enter BC?

  8. Tubular Reabsorption • Materials move out of the kidney tubules and back into blood Prevents substances needed by the body from being lost in the urine!

  9. Reabsorption • Selective reabsorption happens by active and passive transport 1 ml of urine is formed for every 120 ml of fluids that filter into the nephron! 119 ml are reabsorbed!

  10. Reabsorption • Occurs in proximal tubule (includes loop of Henle) and distal tubule • ATP drives the active transport of sodium ions, glucose, and other solutes back into the blood • Negatively charged ions follow the sodium ions passively • Water follows the ions by osmosis

  11. Reabsorption Pg 451 Fig.10.7

  12. Reabsorption Descending limb of Loop of Henle Pg 452 Fig.10.8

  13. Reabsorption Ascending limb of Loop of Henle Pg 452 Fig.10.8

  14. Reabsorption Ascending limb of Loop of Henle Pg 452 Fig.10.8

  15. Secretion • Movement of substances from the blood INTO the distal tubule What is secreted? • K+ by passive transport (attracted to chloride ions) • H+ by active transport (to maintain the pH of blood) • medications

  16. Water Reabsorption • Occurs in collecting duct • Passive reabsorption of water from the filtrate into the blood • Makes filtrate ~ 4X more concentrated • By the time filtrate exits the duct, it is about 1% of its original volume • Now called URINE

  17. Water Reabsorption • Reabsorption in the distal tubule and collecting duct is controlled by hormones *More on this later!

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