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Courtesy: Carla Cardinali and Sean Healy, ECMWF

Operational ECMWF system September to December 2008. Averaged over all model layers and entire global atmosphere. % contribution of different observations to reduction in forecast error. Note: 1) Sounders on Polar Satellites reduce forecast error most

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Courtesy: Carla Cardinali and Sean Healy, ECMWF

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  1. Operational ECMWF system September to December 2008. Averaged over all model layers and entire global atmosphere. % contribution of different observations to reduction in forecast error. Note: 1) Sounders on Polar Satellites reduce forecast error most 2) Results are relevant for other NWP Centers, including NWS/NCEP Forecast error reduction (%) Courtesy: Carla Cardinali and Sean Healy, ECMWF

  2. Settings • Observation impact estimates using Kalnay et al. (2012) method • 24 hour forecast impact on T254L64 80 members GFS/EnKF with moist total energy norm in global domain • Period: from January 8, 2012 to February 7, 2012 • Negative value means the assimilation of the observing system reduced the forecast error.

  3. Total impacts (all 4 cycles)

  4. Impact per 1 obs (all 4 cycles)

  5. Total impacts (only 00UTC initial)

  6. Impacts per 1 obs (only 00UTC initial)

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