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Direct Democracy : all voters make laws. .___ ____is also called ( representative Democracy) people vote on representative and they make laws . Indirect Democracy. Constitution .
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Direct Democracy: all voters make laws. .___ ____is also called ( representative Democracy) people vote on representative and they make laws Indirect Democracy
Articles of Confederation first constitution, weak and lead to the constitutional convention. List three weaknesses . Can’t make treaties One branch Can’t control trade
____ _______ showed new federal government needed to be a strong central government Shays' Rebellion
Constitutional Convention has two major compromises Slavery: 3/5 Two Houses based population & Equal vote
Madison used two systems to convince delegates to except a president Separation of powers Checks & balances
political equality: Who picked House Senate President Popular vote State legislatures Electoral College
Constitution set _______ federal and states share powers Federalism
____ ______set up reserve power for the states Tenth Amendment
The McCulloch v. Maryland set up 1___ ____ also called 2___ ____ . Implied powers elastic clause
At the beginning, we used dual federalism later that changed to __ __ cooperative federalism:
The framers set up the House to be closer to the people than the Senate. They did this by all House members elected every two years Vacancy in House: must be an election 2 year term
The framers set up the Senate to be slow to change. They did this by Only 1/3 elected Every two years Vacancy: governor Can replace 6 year terms
Only the House has ____ and only the Senate has ____ Rules Committee Filibuster
Both Houses used the ___ system to pick chairperson of committee Seniority
Formal power of the House are All revenue bills Must start in House Impeachment Ties in electoral College
Formal power of the Senate are Approve appointment try impeachment Approve treaties
Formal Power of President in constitution: commander-in-Chief appointment power make treaties
Informal Power of President in constitution: Executive privilege Move troops Executive agreement Executive Order
President Clinton had Line-item veto power. It was declared unconstitutional in ___ v___ because it challenges the principles _____ _ ____ Clinton v. N.Y. Separation of powers
Twenty-second Amendment, After FDR died in office the __ amendment was passed that limits them to two such terms. Twenty-second Amendment
The __ Amendment clarifies what to do when the president is disabled. Twenty-fifth Amendment
Independent regulatory agenciesget their power from the ability to_ (3) make rules for companies enforce the rules on companies Judge the rules on companies
Pendleton Civil Service Act set up Civil Service Act and __ ___: Hiring or promotion based on merit/experience/qualifications Merit system
Federal court s And cases
The Constitution set up only one Court and that was___ Supreme Court
Judicial review was set up by__ v__ Marbury v Madison
Which federal court has: 1.original jurisdiction. 2. only federal courts in which trials 3. 90% of federal cases begin in this courts District court
Which federal court has: 1. appellate jurisdiction 2. created to help Supreme Court load Court of Appeals
In the Supreme Court four justices must agree to review a case. This is called __ Rule of four
__ v __= can search trash if no expectation of privacy Cal. V. Greenwood
__ v __= Person arrested must be informed of their rights it be silence Miranda v. Arizona
__ v __= Evidence gained illegally can not be used in court Mapp v. Ohio:
__ v __= Set up implied Powers McCulloch vs. Maryland
__ v __=: desegregated public school. Overturn Plessy v. Ferguson Brown v. Board of Education
__ v __= School written prayer cannot be said in public schools Engel v. Vitale
__ v __= Bill of Rights applies to the national government, not states. Barron v. Baltimore :
__ v __= all defendants under six amendment are guaranteed to have a lawyer Gideon v. Wainwright
__ v __= not even the President of the United States, is above the law. U.S. v. Nixon
__ v __= Obscene material is not protected by the first amendment. Miller v. California:
__ v __= set how government assistance to religious school was unconstitutional. Lemon v Kurtzman
__ v __= set up reverse discrimination . Regents of University of California v. Bakke