Let’s Talk about VERBS…

1. Let’s Talk aboutVERBS… Bridget Green Grammar MFWI 2007

2. We enjoy singing. She admitted her mistake. Bring your homework. He found it. Take a look… They laughed. She coughed. The bus has arrived. I’m working. What's the difference?

3. Subject, Verb, and Object? S V O We enjoy singing. She admitted her mistake. Bring your homework. He found it. They laughed. She coughed. The bus has arrived. I’m working.

4. Weenjoy singing. She admittedher mistake. Bring your homework. Hefound it. What’s the difference? They laughed. She coughed. Thebus has arrived. I’m working.

5. Intransitive Verbs Transitive Verbs Weenjoy singing. She admittedher mistake. Bring your homework. Hefound it. They laughed. She coughed. Thebus has arrived. I’m working. + object object

6. object Intransitive Verbs Intransitive verbs are verbs that are not followed by an object. They laughed. She coughed. Thebus has arrived. I’m working.

7. object Intransitive Verbs However, they can be followed by other things, like prepositions or adverbs. They laughed atthe joke. Thebus has arrived late.

8. Transitive Verbs + object Transitive verbs are verbs that are followed by an object. Weenjoy singing. She admittedher mistake. Bring your homework. Hefound it.

9. Transitive Verbs + object The object is usually a noun phrase. She admittedher mistake. But it can be a nounclause. She admittedthat she was wrong. Or a gerund… She admittedmaking a mistake.

10. Transitive Verbs + object Sometimes there are two objects! Bringme your homework. indirect object direct object

11. Transitive Verbs + object But it is wrong to have NO OBJECT. Weenjoy. She admitted. Bring. Hefound. X X X X

12. Can you remember? Fill in the worksheet now.

13. Find the object. Label the sentences. Which is it? I love that song! The train is leaving. Who cut your hair? We were sitting by the fire. I want to go to New Zealand. Will you give me a hand? My son is waiting for his test results. I have to make my son an appointment. It doesn’t matter.

14. Transitive Which is it? Transitive Transitive I love that song! The train is leaving. Who cut your hair? We were sitting by the fire. I want to go to New Zealand. Will you give mea hand? My son is waiting for his results. I have to make my sonan appointment. It doesn’t matter. Transitive

15. Intransitive Which is it? Intransitive Intransitive I love that song! The train is leaving. Who cut your hair? We were sitting by the fire. I want to go to New Zealand. Will you give mea hand? My son is waiting for his test results. I have to make my sonan appointment. It doesn’t matter. Intransitive Intransitive

16. Which is it?

17. object How do you know? Look in a dictionary! IntransitiveVerbs TransitiveVerbs ? [I] [T] + object

18. object But… Some verbs can beEITHER Intransitive OR Transitive. + object

20. object + object Which is the verb? Label the sentence [I] or [T]. She drinks every day after work. He drinks a lot of water when he’s sick. My teacher drove the van downtown. He drove to Seattle in about five hours. Write a paragraph about your family. I’ll write to you when you go back to Japan. When the bell rings, you can begin. You can begin the test when the bell rings. Which is it?

21. She drinks every day after work. I He drinksa lot of water when he’s sick. T My teacher drovethe van downtown. T He drove to Seattle in about five hours. I Writea paragraph about your family. T I’ll write to you when you go back to Japan. I When the bell rings, you can begin. I/I You can beginthe test when the bell rings. T/I object + object Which is it?

22. object How do you know? Look in a dictionary! Intransitive OR Transitive [T;I] OR + object

23. Nihongo wa...

24. Transitive Verbs + object Transitive verbs can be made passive. The catchased the mouse. The mouse waschased by the cat. by = ‘the agent’ = who

25. Transitive VerbsPassives… + object People make cars in Japan. by people. aremade in Japan. Cars ‘be’ + pp pp = ‘past participle’

26. Transitive VerbsPassives… + object Can you remember? 1. In the passive, the ________ becomes the subject. 2. The verb is formed by the verb ______ + _______. 3. The verb is always [T] / [I]. (Which one? )

27. Transitive VerbsPassives… + object Answers… 1. In the passive, the OBJECT becomes the subject. 2. The verb is formed by the verb BE + PAST PARTICIPLE. 3. The verb is always [T] / [I]. (Which one? ) Transitive!

28. Transitive VerbsPassives… + object WHY? *We use the passive when we don’t know or we don’t really care who does the action. by people. aremade in Japan. Cars

29. Transitive VerbsPassives… *If we want to focus more attention on the object, then we use the passive. Usually we don’t useby someonein the passive because we don’t know or we don’t care who does the action. Cars by people. aremade in Japan. If we know who, then we add by someone.

30. Choose passive when. . . 1. We don’t know who. 2. We don’t care who. 3. We don’t want to say who. • We want to focus on the object • and not the subject. But active is usually better. . .

31. Make these sentences active! PassiveThe hotel was built by the workers.Houses are built by Tom. Wedding cakes are made by her. ActiveWorkers built the hotel.Tom builds houses. She makes wedding cakes.

33. Homework • Two grammar cards ([T] & [I], Passive) • Check your homework before noon on the day of your class