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State of the Oceans 2006-2007. Albert Fischer OOPC-12 Paris, France, 2-5 May 2007. Ocean climate indices from data. Observing system evaluation
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State of the Oceans 2006-2007 Albert Fischer OOPC-12 Paris, France, 2-5 May 2007
Ocean climate indices from data • Observing system evaluation • In the long term: the development of ocean forecasting and ocean reanalyses, and observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) will provide specific feedback • Right now: estimating the uncertainty in the measure of climate indices • quantities that act as indicators of climate variability • towards a measure of our ability to observe • Liaison/outreach • A way to communicate about the ocean observing system and the ocean’s role in climate and climate variability - what is the influence of the ocean on weather/climate and what is it doing right now
http://ioc.unesco.org/oopc/ State of the ocean
Seasonal precipitation anomaly JJA 2006 SON 2006 plotted usingIRI data library CAMS OPI raingauge+OLR(Xie & Arkin) Standardized Precipitation Index (stdevs from normal)
Seasonal precipitation anomaly CAMS OPI raingauge+OLR(Xie & Arkin) Standardized Precipitation Index (stdevs from normal)
Sea surface height anomaly Sep 2006 NRL ssha analysisvia NOAA/AOML
Sea surface height anomaly Dec 2006 NRL ssha analysisvia NOAA/AOML
Sea surface height anomaly Apr 2007 NRL ssha analysisvia NOAA/AOML
Pacific Warm Water Volume NOAA/PMEL
Ocean Heat Content Anomaly same analysis without SOLO/FSI floats published Lyman et al (Sep 2006) Willis, Lyman, Johnson, and Gilson, correction submitted April 2007
Increasing visibility shown largely to a community ‘in the know’ (ocean observations community) Incoming traffic exposure with links from IOC and GOOS, CLIVAR, and JAMSTEC web sites 30% from google (‘dipole mode’, ‘tropical atlantic’, ‘ocean climate/transport’, ‘essential climate variables’) 40% direct (bookmarked) now averaging 600 visits/month from all continents except Antarctica In current form geared to ocean climate scientists
Where we know we want to improve • Information about theimpacts associated with the index - patterns of climate variability, links between indices, changes in rainfall, even historical examples; with references • more subsurface indices: upper ocean heat content, mixed layer / thermocline depth, MOC, transports like ITF, mode waters, salinity changes, taking advantage of time series (mooring, repeat XBT) with improved uncertainty estimates • sea level indices (including dynamic indices from altimetry) • composite indices (ex: hurricane index - combination of ocean heat content and atmospheric conditions) • sea ice • polar oceans • more information/better links about the observing networks contributing to the calculation of the index • while retaining easy accessibility - a limit on the number of ‘top level’ indices - an ‘expert’ toggle?