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U.S.-LARP and CARE Steve Peggs

Mission, budget, org chart Accelerator Systems - Commissioning, “outreach” Interaction Region upgrade - External review & EPAC 04 comments Magnet Program - Quadrupoles & dipoles Two questions Summary comments. brookhaven - fermilab - berkeley - stanford. U.S.-LARP and CARE Steve Peggs.

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U.S.-LARP and CARE Steve Peggs

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  1. Mission, budget, org chart Accelerator Systems - Commissioning, “outreach” Interaction Region upgrade - External review & EPAC 04 comments Magnet Program - Quadrupoles & dipoles Two questions Summary comments brookhaven - fermilab - berkeley - stanford U.S.-LARP and CARESteve Peggs

  2. Mission Statement (“elevator” version) Four U.S. labs (Brookhaven, Fermilab, Berkeley, & Stanford) collaborate with CERN in LARP: 1) To help make more luminosity, earlier 2) To collaborate in an interaction region upgrade to make even more luminosity, later 3) To use, develop, and preserve unique U.S. resources and capabilities (physicists, engineers, & infrastructure)

  3. Budget profile – April 2004 After adding Phase II collimator R&D (SLAC) $11 M “guidance” for FY06 & beyond still holds good

  4. Organization Chart

  5. Accelerator Systems tasks Add 3rd commissioning task, “Systems Hardware Commissioning”?

  6. Commissioning At the recent LARP Collaboration Meeting Roberto Saban stated the need for about 40 FTE-years of resources, half engineers, half super-techs, at the interface of the magnet, cryogenic, and quench protection systems BNL & FNAL directorates agree thatthis is within the LARP mission If LARP plays a role, we must seek additional funds Where are the engineers - BD, TD, C-AD, …. ? For ALL commissioning tasks, it is time to begin naming names

  7. “Community outreach” LARP takes “outreach” education seriously, to our own community: Introduce U.S. ATLAS & U.S. CMS to some of the physical challenges that make LHC “not a light switch” - e.g., persistent currents & snap-back Establish mutual support with International Linear Collider accelerator physics & technology Explore complementary relationship with CARE

  8. From Tevatron to LHC 9 kW !?

  9. Persistent currents Vortex currents circulate quantum fluxoids pinned in a Type II SC filament A quadratic fluxoid density gradient drives a current gradient ... Likeeddy currents, “persistent currents” - depend on the“external” field history - decay (SLOWLY) with time - unwind with vicious transients!

  10. “Snap-back” is not SO fast, but the chromaticity jump is huge Snapback transients

  11. Interaction Region Upgrade Quad or Dipole first? Single bore or twin bore? Large crossing angles with superbunches or crab cavities? Long range (parasitic) Beam-Beam collisions?

  12. LARP External Review - June 2004 “LAPAC suggests that the main issue is demonstration that (Nb3Sn)quads can be made in both long and short lengths.” “... demonstration of a working long quadrupole,the first of its kind in the world, will be a key element in the decision to start … the LHC luminosity upgrade.” “(Dipole) work is focused on the ‘dipole first’ scenario, which must meet the most severe requirements; an open mid-plane design … 15 T, 10 m” “Since the new IR layout … is not known, … recommend against going further than … to deliver a low cost and simple(dipole)demonstration model …” We don’t fully agree with the reviewers, but the comments are telling

  13. Ruggiero et al, EPAC 04 “Nb3Sn technology - appears to be the only candidate for a substantial improvement - could open upgrade scenarios such as 'dipole-first'” “Important issues related to long Nb3Sn magnets need to be addressed by vigorous R&D” “The effective Nb3Sn filament diameter (>100 ) is too large” (Material development required.) “The choice of the coil aperture is driven more the power density limit than by the beam acceptance” “An estimate of the radiation parameters of the magnets requires extensive simulations based on detailed knowledge”

  14. LARP Magnet Program DOE Guidance “It is our firm intention that the LARP activities serve to explore the limits of the technologies described herein. While the end products of LARP will be applied to the LHC, LARP is not intended to be an engineering and construction service organization to that facility.” “LARP is not intended to replace existing base program support at the various laboratories in superconducting magnet development and other ongoing areas.” LARP Proposal “have fully developed and proven accelerator-ready magnet designs, ready for production, by about 2012, as required to support the LHC physics program.”

  15. FY05 FY08 FY10 FY12 Research Technology Base-Building Focused Development Prototype Magnet Program Goals • Improve long-term physics research opportunities of the LHC by providing magnet options for an LHC luminosity upgrade Large aperture, high gradient quadrupoles (main emphasis) High-aspect ratio, large aperture separation dipoles • Deliverable is a successful R&D program, leading to accelerator-ready magnet design(s) (production magnets are outside LARP scope)

  16. Task Distribution $k

  17. 3-Year Quad Model R&D Goals • Fabricate, test and evaluate two shell-type coil designs: 4-layer (TQ1) and 2-layer (TQ2) • Fabricate, test and evaluate two alternative mechanical structures based on bladder-key-Al shell and collar-yoke-skin • Develop and study narrow and wide cables for both coil designs • Study and optimize strand parameters for quadrupole models • Develop and evaluate coil fabrication technologies • develop infrastructure for fabrication and test of long (up to 4-m long) quadrupole coils • Field quality issues deferred (output, not input)

  18. FY04 Quadrupole Development • Design Studies • Dual-bore • Aperture • Geometries • Support Structure • Key-bladder-shell • Coil-yoke-skin

  19. F┴ F║ Racetrack Quadrupole with Sub-scale Coils Clear bore: 110 mm Magnet short sample Iss = 11.4 kA Bpeak = 11.2 T (in the end) Gss = 95 T/m Stored energy at Iss = 175 kJ Inductance at Iss = 2.7 mH Later … ?

  20. FY04 Dipole Development • Based on “Dipole-first” IR design • Large aperture, asymmetric • Non-cos-theta • Split coil geometry High field (~15T), long (~10m), large radiation heat load (~9 kW) into 70 K Calculations from Mokhov show that the concept works

  21. Dipole Status Peak power in coil will not cause magnet to quench. ~ 1/2 of heat load into 70K (tungsten rod) will try to increase significantly Residual dose => lifetime > 20 years OVERALL: could operate in LHC Remaining issues:(many) in particular total refrigeration load Split D1 into two magnets: D1A - smaller aperture, higher field, ~ short D1B - full aperture, lower field, ~ long focus on D1A Internal review of dipole program in December 04.

  22. Two questions for this workshop What is the “road map” for establishing the IR upgrade layout? 2) Whether/how/when to launch an integrated analysis of a straw layout, with both Magnet and Accelerator scientists & engineers? “An estimate of the radiation parameters of the magnets requires extensive simulations based on detailed knowledge” sample optics, apertures, energy deposition (liners etc?) quench analysis, component survival? heat removal analysis

  23. Summary Comments • Need LHC operating experience to optimize the IR upgrade design • Explore the complementary roles of LARP and CARE • Relationship of LARP program and base program: - Develop technology for future U.S. machines (BROAD) - Focused to meet LHC upgrade in 2012 (NARROW) 4) Can long Nb3Sn magnets be built long? - Will they quench (9 kW)? - Can the heat be removed (at all/economically)? • - Will they survive eg 7 years? • 5) “Outreach” to our own communities – ATLAS, CMS, ILC

  24. Other “LARP” presentations/posters Session 2 Electron Cloud Jie Wei S 3 IR Layouts Tanaji Sen S 3 Poster Dipoles Peter Wanderer S 4 Beam-Beam Tanaji Sen S 6 Electron Cloud Miguel Furman S 6 Poster Electron Cloud Ubaldo Iriso

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