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dkO;xr fo'ks"krk,a % jgL;okn Tkfr&ikfr dk fojks/ fgUnq eqfLye ,drk dks c<+kok

dkO;xr fo'ks"krk,a % jgL;okn Tkfr&ikfr dk fojks/ fgUnq eqfLye ,drk dks c<+kok Ckzge vkSj tho esa vUrj Ckzkg;kMEcjksa dk [ka’Mu Ukke Lej’k dk fo'ks"k egRo ijUrq budh HkfDr esa Jo’k dhrZu Lej’k] ikn] lsou] vpZuk] oanuk] nkL;&lk[; fgalk vkSj i'kqcfy dk [ka’Mu vkRefuosnu miyC/ gS

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dkO;xr fo'ks"krk,a % jgL;okn Tkfr&ikfr dk fojks/ fgUnq eqfLye ,drk dks c<+kok

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  1. dkO;xr fo'ks"krk,a % • jgL;okn • Tkfr&ikfr dk fojks/ • fgUnq eqfLye ,drk dks c<+kok • Ckzge vkSj tho esa vUrj • Ckzkg;kMEcjksa dk [ka’Mu • Ukke Lej’k dk fo'ks"k egRo ijUrq budh HkfDr esa Jo’k dhrZu Lej’k] ikn] lsou] vpZuk] oanuk] nkL;&lk[; • fgalk vkSj i'kqcfy dk [ka’Mu vkRefuosnu miyC/ gS • Xqk: dk fo'ks"k LFkku • jl Nan vkSj vyadkjksa dk lQy iz;ksx (dykRed lkSan;Z fo|eku) • jSnkl dh ok’kh esa [kM+h cksyh dk iqV gksus ij Hkh mlds jpko esa Hkkjr dh fofHkUu vk¡pfydcksfy;ksa ds 'kCnksa dk ckgqY; gS tSls fd laLd`r] Qkjlh] iatkch blfy, budh Hkk"kk yksdHkk"kk gS

  2. varr% dg ldrs gSa fd lar dfo jSnkl e/;dky dh egku foHkwfr gSW ftUgksusa lekt esa QSyh lkaEiznkf;Drk :f<+;ksa] dqizFkkvksa] ik[ka.Mksa ds okrkoj.k esa bZ’oj dh lPph o lgt HkfDr dk iku djok;k mUgksausa fuEu oxZ esa tkx`fr mRiUu dh vkSj vuardky ls muds in o jpuk;sa gekjk ekxZ iz’kLr djrh vk jgh gS o vkxs Hkh djrh jgsaxhA dfo ifjp; % xq:ukud nso th tUe & laú 1526 ( lu 1469) tUe LFkku& ykgkSj (ryo’Mh uked xkao) tksfd vc (uudkuk lkfgc) ds uke ls ikfdLrku esa izfl} gSa Ekkrk &firk %& buds ekrk firk dk uke Jh esgrk dkyw th rFkk ekrk dk uke r`Irk nsoh Fkk budh thoup;kZ dks pkj Hkkxksa ea ckaVk tk ldrk gSA

  3. fpUru ;qx lk{kkRdkj ;qx Hkze’k ;qx LFkkiuk ;qx (vkfn) lu~ 1500 ls 1521 rd bUgksausa vusd izkUrksa dh ;k=kk,a dh ftUkesa vkiusa vius ekuorkoknh fopkjksa dk izpkj fd;k A E`kR;q %& xq: ukud nso th lu~ 1539 bZú esa ^djrkjiqj* esa gh bZ'ojh; T;ksfr esa foyhu gks x,A d`frRo %&xq: ukud nso th dh lEiw’kZ ok’kh tks 976 'kCnksa dh gS Jh xq: xzaFk lkfgc ds egyk & 1 esa ladfyr gSA izeq[k ok’kh %&tiqth lkfgc] fl} xkslfV] vklknh okj o ckjgekg izeq[k gSA dkO;xr fo'ks"krk,a %& ,d bZ'oj dh LFkkiuk v}Sr Hkkouk dk izpkj

  4. HkfDr Hkkouk dks deZ ekxZ];ksx ekxZ vkSj Kku ekxZ }kjk ifjiq"V djukA lrxq: dh fo'ks"k egrk ,oa uke Lej’k ij cy nsukA ns'k dh lkekftd] jktuhfrd nqnZ'kk dk lQy fp=k’kA fgUnq eqfLye ,drk ij cy nsukA lekt dk lgh ekxZn'kZu djukA varr% ge dg ldrs gSa fd ukud ok’kh og jkeck’k gS tks izR;sd jksx dk funku izLrqr djrh gS vkSj lekt esa O;kIr vkMacjksa] ik[ka’Mksa dk MVdj eqdkcyk djus dk lkgl nsrh gS vkSj fgUnq eqfLye ,drk dh ,d u;h felky dk;e djrh gS

  5. Lkwjnkl % dfo ifjp; tUe & 1540 e`R;q & 1620 tUe LFkku & (lwgh) uked xkao (fnYyh) lwjnkl th ds ekrk&firk ds lEcU/ esa fuf'pr :Ik ls dqN ugha dgk tk ldrk lwjnkl th vkxjk vkSj eFkqjk ds vkl&ikl xÅ?kkV ij jgrs FksA lwjnkl th d`"’k ds vuU; HkDr Fks ;g vius inksa dks xkdj izLrqr djrs FksA lkfgfR;d ifjp; %& lwjnkl th dh ;ksa rks 25 jpuk,a ekuh tkrh gSaA ijUrq buds }kjk jfpr Hkko rhu xzaFk gh izkekf’kd gSA 1. lwjlkxj & lwjlkxj esa Lkokyk[k in gS tks fd 12 Lda/ksa esa ladfyr gSA

  6. 2.lwjlkjkoyh & lwjlkjkoyh esa 5000 in gSa 3.lkfgR;ygjh & dkO;xr fo'ks"krk,a %& fuxqZ’k czge ds LFkku ij lxq’k czge dh LFkkiuk HkfDr ds cgqvk;keh Lo:Ik dk vadu Jhd`"’k ds ekuoh vkSj vorkjh :Ik dk o’kZu yhykxku esa vR;kf/d :fp xq: efgek vkSj uke Lej’k dh egÙkk dk c[kku ledkyhu lkekftd vkSj lkaLd`frd thou dh vfHkO;fDr

  7. Jhd`"’k ds cky thou dk euksoSKkfud vadu • Ikzd`fr dk euksgkjh fp=k’k izLrqr djuk • jhfr rRoksa dk lekos'k • okRlY; vkSj J`axkj jl dks izeq[krk • Ikzse ds ykSfdd vkSj vykSfdd Lo:Ik dk fp=k’k • Hkkoh] foHkkoksa vkSj lapkjh Hkkoksa dk ekfeZd fp=k’k djuk • fojgkuqHkwfr dh ekfeZd vfHkO;atuk • Lkk[;Hkko dh HkfDr dk ltho fp=k’k • J`axkj jl dk vR;ar ltho o’kZu • oztHkk"kk dk laLdkfjr ,oa ifjekftZr iz;ksx miyfC/;ka %& • eqDrd dkO; jpuk dh l`tukRedrk vkSj fodkl esa fof'k"V ;ksxnku

  8. xhfrdkO; ds fodkl esa lgk;d] budh vfHkO;atuk esa dchj dh lh vkè;kfRedrk fo|kifr dh lh HkkoqDrk] ehjk dh lh rYyhurk vkSj egknsoh oekZ dh lh xhfre;rk fo|eku gS • HkfDrdkO; ltZuk vkSj HkfDr vkanksyu ds fodkl esa bl dkO;/kjk dk mYys[kuh; lg;ksx jgk gSA • Ekkuo thou ls lEca/ jlksa esa okRlY; vkSj J`axkj jlksa dh viuh vyx igpku LFkkfir djukA • Hkk"kk ds Lrj ij Hkh bl dkO;/kjk dh viuh fo'ks"k miyC/h jgh gS] lwjnkl us vius bZ"Vnso Jhd`"’k dh ØhM+kHkwfe dh Hkk"kk dks dkO;Hkk"kk ds :i esa xzg’k fd;k gSA ehjkckbZ %& dfo ifjp; • ehjkckbZ dk tUe % foúlú 1555 (lu~ 1504) • tUe LFkku % tks/iqj (cktksyh) xzke • fookg % fprkSM+ ds egkjk’kk laxzke flag ds iq=k dqaoj Hkkstjkt ls

  9. Ekhjk dk cpiu ls gh Jhd`"’k ls yxko Fkk vkSj ckY;dky ls gh og d`"’k dks viuk ifr ekurh Fkh • Lku 1518 esa ehjk ds ifr Hkkstjkt dks ;q} esa ohjxfr izkIr gqbZ tc ehjk dks lrh gksus dks dgk x;k rks mlus ;g dg dj bUdkj dj fn;k fd og d`"’k dh C;kgrk gSA • Ikfr dh e`R;q ds Ik'~pkr ehjk dks fprkSM+ R;kxuk iM+k blfy, mlus vusd izkUrksa dh ;k=kk dh vkSj d`"’k HkfDr dk lans'k tu&tu dks fn;k • Ekhjk dh iq"dj ;k=kk] o`ankou ;k=kk] }kfjdk ;k=kk] • Ekhjk dks xq: jfonkl dh f'k";k ekuk tkrk gSA • ekhjkckbZ dk LoxZokl foú lú 1604 dks gqvk Fkk mudk nkg laLdkj ^xkserh?kkV* ij fd;k x;kA d`fRro %&ehjk dh jpukvksa ds fo"k; esa vusd er gSa mlds vk/kj ij budh vkB jpuk,a izkekf’kd ekuh tkrh gSaA

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