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Ch. 7 -Brown and the Civil Rights Movement

Ch. 7 -Brown and the Civil Rights Movement . Justine Avila Dec. 1 2011. Harvard LSTU E-107 - Fall '11 Prof. Akiba J. Covitz 2011. Direct Effects I.E. How much school desegregation?. Compliance. Opposition. Western States. Border States. Deep Southern States.

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Ch. 7 -Brown and the Civil Rights Movement

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  1. Ch. 7 -Brown and the Civil Rights Movement Justine Avila Dec. 1 2011 Harvard LSTU E-107 - Fall '11 Prof. Akiba J. Covitz 2011

  2. Direct EffectsI.E. How much school desegregation? Compliance Opposition Western States Border States Deep Southern States Harvard LSTU E-107 - Fall '11 Ch7. Klarman

  3. The Ease of Southern Opposition • School Board Members • NAACP • Lower Courts • Creative Loopholes Harvard LSTU E-107 - Fall '11 Ch7. Klarman

  4. How much School desegregation as a result of Brown? Harvard LSTU E-107 - Fall '11 Ch7. Klarman

  5. Indirect Effects • Salience & Education • News Coverage • Southern Politics • Expedite Civil Rights Legislation • Motivational • Black Condemnation & Protests • Southern White Defense • Feasibility of Racial Reform *Disclaimer: “Brown was not the spark” Harvard LSTU E-107 - Fall '11 Ch7. Klarman

  6. Litigation Vs. Direct Action Protest • Expensive • Individualistic • Passive Participation • Cheaper • Collective • Active Harvard LSTU E-107 - Fall '11 Ch7. Klarman

  7. Brown Backlash Harvard LSTU E-107 - Fall '11 Ch7. Klarman

  8. Post Brown • Racial Retrogression • Right Shifted Politics Brown Backlash in the South “ I say segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever”- Wallace Harvard LSTU E-107 - Fall '11 Ch7. Klarman

  9. Contributions to Massive Resistance • Diehard segregationist • Fear & Violence • Southern Manifesto Note: The difference between white moderates and extremists was not in their preference for segregation but in the sacrifices they were prepared to maintain it. Harvard LSTU E-107 - Fall '11 Ch7. Klarman

  10. The Fall of Massive Resistance School Closures Harvard LSTU E-107 - Fall '11 Ch7. Klarman

  11. Civil Rights Legislation Negative Image of the South Harvard LSTU E-107 - Fall '11 Ch7. Klarman

  12. Creative Tension Strategy • Impeccable Behavior • Legitimate Objectives • Well dressed and polite • Cooperation of law enforcement officers • Example: Alabama • Coupled with negative images of the south Harvard LSTU E-107 - Fall '11 Ch7. Klarman

  13. Ch.7 Conclusion • Brown was viewed as an assault on Jim Crow by southern whites. • Brown backlash was anticipated but Courts failed to see counter backlash. • Brown helped accelerate 1964 Civil Rights Movement. Harvard LSTU E-107 - Fall '11 Ch7. Klarman

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