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Chapter 11 Review

Chapter 11 Review. Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction. Meiosis. Occurs in all sexually reproducing organisms. Genetic Variation. Contributes to genetic variation: Random fertilization Independent assortment Crossing over Binary Fission does not lead to genetic variations. Haploid - Diploid.

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Chapter 11 Review

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  1. Chapter 11 Review Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

  2. Meiosis • Occurs in all sexually reproducing organisms

  3. Genetic Variation • Contributes to genetic variation: • Random fertilization • Independent assortment • Crossing over • Binary Fission does not lead to genetic variations.

  4. Haploid - Diploid • In the alternation of generations, spores, gametophytes and egg and sperm are Haploid • Sporophytes are Diploid

  5. Meiosis • Two successive divisions are responsible for the formation of four haploid cells.

  6. Asexual Reproduction • DNA does not vary much between offspring • Many offspring are produced in a short time • Organisms may not be able to adapt to new environments

  7. Fragmentation • Is a form of asexual reproduction

  8. Gametes • In humans, each gamete receives one chromosome from each of 23 pairs

  9. Crossing Over • Portions of a chromatid on one homologous chromosome break off and trade places with the corresponding portion on one of the chromatids of the other homologous chromosome

  10. Life Cycle • The activities in the life of an organism from one generation to the next.

  11. Diploid • A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes

  12. Independent Assortment • Random distribution of homologous chromosomes during meiosis

  13. Homologous Chromosomes • Chromosomes that are similar in shape and size and have similar gentetic information

  14. Spermatogenesis • The process by which gametes are produced in male animals

  15. Haploid • A cell that contains one set of chromosomes

  16. Oogenesis • The process by which gametes are produced in female animals

  17. Fertilization • The union of sperm and egg cells to produce a diploid zygote

  18. Asexual Reproduction • All copies of the single parent’s genes are passed to the offspring

  19. Ovum • Female gamete, also called an egg

  20. Test Chapter 11 • Tomorrow

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