Landscape Design, Construction, and Maintenance

1. Landscape Design, Construction, and Maintenance

2. Landscaping • What is Landscaping? • It is a part of ornamental Horticulture Industry

3. Landscaping • What is Ornamental Horticulture? • It is the Industry that uses plants and other materials for decoration purposes.

4. Landscaping • Ornamental Horticulture also claims the areas of : • Floral Design • Greenhouse Management • Nursery Management

5. Landscaping • Landscaping focuses on the beatification of the outdoor terrain and to some interior settings. • Landscaping combines the principles of art with the science of growing plants

6. Landscaping • Landscaping involves the planting of: • Ornamental trees • Shrubs • Vines • Ground Covers ( including grasses) • Flowers ( annuals and perennials) • Bulbs

7. Landscaping • Landscaping involves physical features or hardscapes. • Hardscape includes : • Fences --Drives • Terraces --Irrigation Systems • Retaining Walls -- Pools • Patios • Walks

8. Landscaping • Landscaping: • also results in sculpting the soil and the natural lay of the land.

9. Landscaping • Professional landscapers must consider many factors during the work on a landscape job.

10. Landscaping • Some factors that influence landscapes are: • Terrain • The climate • The homes • Buildings • Other Physical Structures • Intended Use of the property • Clients Wants

11. Landscaping • The Big Challenge!! • Is for the Landscaper to allow for all of the factors listed above while developing a landscape that is both attractive and functional.

12. Landscaping • This Chapter focuses on three main things: • 1st the Landscape Design: this deal with planning of the landscape project • 2nd is the installation and or construction of the project. • 3rd is the maintenance of the landscape so it will continue to be attractive over a long time.

13. Landscaping • What are the Benefits of Landscaping? • Enjoyment given to the homeowner this could be the attractive or aesthetic views are pleasing

14. Landscaping • What does Aesthetic Value mean? • The beauty or art value of an object. Totally objective!

15. Landscaping • A Study by Weyerhaeuser Nursery Products Division estimated that landscaping can add as much as 15% to the resale value of a home. • Why? As the landscape provides the 1st impression to the home.

16. Landscaping • Are landscaping plants good for the environment? • Yes!!

17. Landscaping • The photosynthetic process in the leaf uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen. • Studies have shown that 2,500 sq ft of turf grass releases enough oxygen for a family of four

18. Landscaping • Plants and soil organisms also scrub the air of pollutants such as: • Ammonia • Benzene • Toluene, • Trichloroethylene • xylene

19. Landscaping Design • What is Landscape Design? • It is the practice of creating a plan to make the best use of available space in the most attractive way Relationships between the land, buildings, plants, and people are considered

20. Landscaping Design • Professional Designers have two main purposes in mind when designing landscapes plans for the home or a building: • 1st show off the home and building to its best advantage • 2nd Create both an attractive and useful setting for the inhabitants

21. Landscaping Design • What is aLandscape Architect? • They are trained in engineering, graphic arts, and architectural technology. They are skilled in designing functional plans based on the interrelationships of people and their surroundings

22. Landscaping Design • What is a landscape Designer? • They are trained in the art of design and the science of growing the horticultural plants. They work primarily with residential home designs and small commercial sites

23. Landscaping Design • A landscape Designer will have the following: • Knowledge of plant ID • Cultural Requirments of plants • Construction practices • Principals of Design • They will work at local nurseries , garden centers, and landscaping companies.

24. Landscaping Construction • What is Landscaping Construction? • It is the segment of landscaping that involves the installation of materials identified in the landscape design • Construction project can range from very small to very large in scale.

25. Landscaping Construction • What is a Landscaping Contractor? • The construction of the project is performed by the contractor. There are the ones that transfer the design from paper to the actual landscape.

26. Landscaping Construction • What is a landscape supervisor? • This is a crew chief that has responsible for the crew. They provide leadership to the crew. They also assign tasks to the workers and usually works alongside of them Team work is very important among the workers. Working well with others provide quality work as well as speed

27. Landscaping Construction • What is landscape maintenance? • It is the care of upkeep of the landscape materials after installation. Landscape maintenance includes the following: • Mowing grass • Fertilizing landscape plants • Pruning landscape plants

28. Landscaping Construction • Cont… • Applying pest controls • Planting and weeding flower beds • Removing leaves in the fall • Cultivating soil • Applying mulch to planting beds

29. Landscaping Construction • The goal of the landscape maintenance program is to keep the landscape as attractive and functional as intended in the original landscape design

30. Design Principles and Elements Unit 2204 Landscape Design

31. What elements will a well planned landscape address? • Traffic flow • Environmental Protection • Continuity • Aesthetics • Land Value

32. Landscape Types • Commercial • Balance between practicality & function • Residential • Public Area • Service Area • Private Area

33. The Major Design Areas • The Public Area: • In full view of the public. • First impression of the house. • The front door is the most important aspect • The front door is the focal point

34. The Major Design Areas • Public Cont.. • There are three main goals to keep in mind when designing: • Soften the architectural lines of the house • Frame the house with trees • Maintain the open lawn areas

35. The Major Design Areas • Public Cont.. • walks and driveways are important items • Walk way will need to lead guest to the front door therefore it should follow a direct line and be wide enough for two people to walk side by side.

36. The Major Design Areas • Public Cont.. • The size of the driveway should be the following: • One car minimum of 10 feet wide • Two car should be 18 feet wide

37. The Major Design Areas • Public Cont… • The use of trees : • used to screen a point where brick is a different color • large roof mounted antenna • A satellite dish • Awkward roof line or chimney

38. The Major Design Areas • Public Cont.. • Shrubs are used in the public are to tie the house to the landscape. • They soften the vertical lines of the house and hide the foundation. • To soften of architectural lines you want to place shrubs at the foundation of the house.

39. The Major Design Areas • Public Cont.. • Plants that are pruned in unnatural shapes do not belong in the public area. • Examples of shrubs in green meat balls, poodle bushes and other unnatural shapes. • If you do prune shrubs like this you are placing stress on the plants by reducing total leaf surface area.

40. The Major Design Areas • Public Cont.. • What is a corner planting? • It is plants with round forms and arrange them in group plantings. Good rule to follow is to select plants that will not grow taller than 2/3 the distance from the ground to the eaves

41. The Major Design Areas • Public Cont.. • What is a doorway plantings? • It is located on either side of the entry door. These plantings may be identical if the architecture of the house has formal balance • To determine the height of these plants draw a line from the threshold of the door to a point at the corners of the house that is 2/3 the distance from the ground to the eaves

42. The Major Design Areas • The Outdoor Living Area: • is designed differently than the public area . • It includes all the property to the rear of the house except the service area. • Some landscapers also call the outdoor living area the private area.

43. The Major Design Areas • The Outdoor Living Area : • it is designed with the family’s gardening interest, entertainment activities, • There are several design elements that satisfy the needs and interests of the family they are: • Enclosures • Surface Areas • Plantings • Garden Accessories

44. The Major Design Areas • The Outdoor Living Area: • What does Enclosure mean? • It includes fences , walls, or plants create wall for the outdoor living room

45. The Major Design Areas • The Outdoor Living Area: • What does Surface area mean? • Such as walks, paths, sitting areas, patios, and decks comprise one element of the outdoor living area.

46. The Major Design Areas • The Outdoor Living Area: • What does Plantings mean? • It is the planting of shrubs , trees, perennials, annuals, and ground cover enhance the appearance of the outdoor living area

47. The Major Design Areas • The Outdoor Living Area: • What is Garden Accessories? • They are used to add interest including sculptures, pools, fountains, rocks, furniture, and lighting.

48. The Major Design Areas • The Outdoor Living Area • What is the ceiling of the living area • This can include overhead features • Sky • Trees provide the most common ceiling

49. The Major Design Areas • The Outdoor Living Area • What are the walls of the living area: • Fences wooden or plastic • Plants • Stones and bricks

50. The Major Design Areas • The Outdoor Living Area: • What is the floor of the living area: • The floor can be made out of many different materials • The most common is the grass lawn • Other surfaces include ground cover plants, organic mulches, inorganic mulches, concrete, stone, and brick pavers.