Ch. 12 - Less 1

1. Ch. 12 - Less 1 Worlds Apart…Causes of the Civil War

2. Slavery in the United States • Slavery grew in the South after the invention of the cotton gin. • George Mason – called slavery a “national sin” • The cotton gin made cotton easier to grow • Cotton became the south’s most important crop • Slaves gave the South an economic advantage over the North

3. Resistance to Slavery • Nat Turner • What did the southern states do after Nat Turner’s rebellion? • What was the argument the South made to the North in favor of slavery? • What led to the growth of slavery in the early 1800’s?

4. Nat Turner’s Rebellion Cotton Farmers and slaves in the South in the mid-1800’s

5. North and South • The many differences between the North and South divided the two regions • North economy: industrial • They had factories and mills and businesses were booming! • South economy: agricultural • They depended on farming and cotton mostly

6. The United States…divided

7. The Tariff • Tariff – a tax charged by the government on imported goods • Tariffs were good for the north (industry), but not for the South, where there were no factories & industry • This made Southerners angry!

8. States’ Rights • John C. Calhoun was from South Carolina & he argued for states’ rights • States’ rights – the political belief in limiting the powers of federal government and preserving those of the state governments • Sectionalism – loyalty to local and regional interests and customs

9. Families in the South had children working to support the family

10. Lesson 1 Summary • Slavery grew with the demand of cotton • Tariffs helped the growing number of northern factories • The North and South argued over slavery, tariffs, and states’ rights