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Feeding Strategies for Coping with High Commodity Prices

Feeding Strategies for Coping with High Commodity Prices . Dan Loy Iowa State University. Strategies. Be efficient Maximize time outside the feedlot Minimize storage and feeding losses Find local feed bargains Use more corn co products. How to deal with high priced corn?. Feed less corn

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Feeding Strategies for Coping with High Commodity Prices

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  1. Feeding Strategies for Coping with High Commodity Prices Dan Loy Iowa State University

  2. Strategies • Be efficient • Maximize time outside the feedlot • Minimize storage and feeding losses • Find local feed bargains • Use more corn co products

  3. How to deal with high priced corn? • Feed less corn • Price of WDG and MDG in relation to corn: 75% and 62% (2/4/11)

  4. Feed Losses--The 3 M’s

  5. Trial 1--Bagging 80/20 WDGS:Hay

  6. WDG trial 2—Mixed in mixer wagon and packed into bunker silo • Fed to 255 kg calves for 118 days • 54 calves were allotted to 9 pens (6/pen) with 3 reps per treatment • Treatments were control, bunker mixture and WDG/hay (mixed daily)

  7. WDG trial 3—Temporary Bunker

  8. Summary ISU WDG storage demos • Mixtures of WDG (30% DM) and ground hay of a ration of 80-20% as-fed (60-40% DM basis) • Yields a mixture that is approximately 40% dry matter and can be handled and stored using silage preservation methods • Storage losses were 9-11% • Mixing effectiveness using an end loader was acceptable

  9. MDG storage trial 1 Three loads of MDG were delivered on October 18 and placed in silo bags

  10. MDG trial 2 • Three loads of MDG were “piled” into pyramids, covered with 4mm plastic and sealed with ground limestone • Individual piles were opened 85 to 211 days later • MDG was fed as a supplement to cows from the ISU beef breeding project

  11. Summary ISU MDG storage demos • MDG can be stored for 80-200 days with storage losses from 7-12% • Higher losses can occur if the rate of feedout too slow • Low cost methods can be used if they successfully limit exposure of the feed to air

  12. Are your cattle “locavores” • Home grown feeds • Similar feeds available from neighbors or unique byproduct feeds • Regional opportunities like wet corn co products • Seasonal bargains, long term storage • Local commodity pricing opportunities

  13. Feed More Distillers Grains

  14. Average Daily Gain

  15. Sulfur levels can limit DG levels

  16. ISU: S. Hansen, M. Drewnoski, S. Ensley, E. Richter UNL: C. Nichols, J. Sarturi, D. Smith, T. Klopfenstein & G. Erickson Sulfur: the people that did the work: Much of the information presented is from a webinar that was broadcast January 6, 2011

  17. Sulfur is a required mineral-so what’s the problem with too much? Metabolism of S in the rumen

  18. 60% of ruminal gas that is eructated is inhaled pH dependent SRB

  19. PEM in feedlots with high S water PEM in feedlots with high S water McAllister: JAVMA 1997, 211:1275

  20. Ad lib 45% 30% 15% 8%

  21. PEM (56 d in feedlot; 25 d full finishing diet)

  22. PEM (56 d in feedlot; 25 d full finishing diet)

  23. UNL Analysis • 17,080 head • Finishing trials • Trials conducted from 2002-2009 • 28 diagnosed polios

  24. Results (Sulfur Level) Sulfur P < 0.01 Forage NDF P = 0.13 S x F P = 0.04

  25. This is your calf’s rumen… This is your calf’s rumen on sulfur Dietary Sulfate (DDGS, WDGS, etc) SO4S- S- S- SRB SRB SRB S- S- S- S- S- SRB S- S- SRB S- S- S- S- S- SRB S- S- SRB Animation by Dr. S Hansen, ISU

  26. Effect of pH on H2S S- S- pH S- H2S H2S S- S- H2S S- H2S S- H2S H2S S- H2S S- S- H2S H2S S- H2S S- H2S S- H2S S- S- H2S S- Animation by Dr. S Hansen, ISU

  27. How to Induce PEM • High S diet • Low (or no) roughage diet • Highly fermentable diet (corn starch, wheat midds, grains, etc.) • Drop rumen pH and keep it low

  28. Summary • pH plays an important role in toxicity • Manage for acidosis • Consistent feeding (time and amount) • Increase ionophores (30-40g/ton) • Increase roughage level (~15%) • Cattle are most at risk during the early part of the finishing period

  29. With good bunk management and inclusion of 15% roughage in the diet producers could include up to 0.5% S 10-20% increase in co-product inclusion

  30. Variability in S content • Increasing inclusion levels of co-products will increase risk due to variation of S in co-products • Variation of S in co-products among plants can be considerable • Load to load variation of S within a plant is typically 5-10%

  31. Recommendations • Can have up to 0.5% S if you include at least 15% roughage in the diet • Use a consistent source (ethanol plant) of co-product • Do not include high levels of S (>0.3%) until after the first 30 d • Don’t forget to account for S from water

  32. Changing Rations

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