1 / 10

Animal Behavior

Animal Behavior. Chapter 51. I. Behavioral Ecology. Def: The study of how specific behaviors increase reproductive success Learned behavior (nurture) – environmental and ecological basis Innate behavior (nature) – genetic and evolutionary basis

fai
Download Presentation

Animal Behavior

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Animal Behavior Chapter 51

  2. I. Behavioral Ecology Def: The study of how specific behaviors increase reproductive success • Learned behavior (nurture) – environmental and ecological basis • Innate behavior (nature) – genetic and evolutionary basis • Natural selection favors a behavioral phenotype • Genotypes that do not increase fitness eliminated from gene pool Play

  3. II. Types of Behavior • Instinct: Inherited, __________ behavior • FAP (_____ _____ _______): Sequence of behavior that is unchangeable and carried to completion once started • External sign stimulus triggers FAP • Ex. Stickleback fish • Ex. Greylag goose innate fixed action pattern

  4. II. Types of Behavior c) Habituation: loss of responsiveness to stimuli that convey little or no information • simple form of ___________ • Ex. Sea Anemones d) Imprinting: learning that is limited to a very specific _____ _____ of an animal’s life • Irreversible • Imprinting stimulus • Ex. Salmon • Ex. Ducklings • Ex. Whooping Cranes learning critical period Play

  5. II. Types of Behavior e) Associative Learning: ability of animals to associate one stimulus w/ another • Classical Conditioning (arbitrary stimulus) • Ex. Pavlov’s Dog • Operant Conditioning (Trial and Error) • Ex. B.F. Skinner’s rats f) Observational Learning – modeling g) Spatial Learning – memory of environment’s spatial structure h) Insight – cognition and problem solving i) Prior experience helps an animal exposed to a new situation Play

  6. III. Oriented Movement • Kinesis: an undirected change in speed of an animal’s movement in response to a stimulus • Taxis: a directed movement in response to a stimulus • Migration: long-distance seasonal mvmt

  7. IV. Social Behavior Evolved to optimize individual fitness

  8. IV. Animal Signals and Communication • Important for species recognition, mating, organizing social behavior • Occurs through visual, auditory, tactile, and chemical means (pheromones)

  9. V. Social Behavior • Agnostic behavior (aggression and submission) • ritualized contests • determines who gains resources • food, mates • Can be psychological rather than physical • Establishes dominance hierarchies (pecking order and territoriality Play

  10. V. Social Behavior b) Altruistic Behavior selfless and/or sacrificial behavior that seemingly reduce the fitness of the individual… increases inclusive fitness = the fitness of relatives who share identical genes Natural selection that favors altruistic behavior = Kin Selection

More Related