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Statement of Problem . Content Regulation (A National Activity) Is Necessary But The Internet is Global. Evidence that Content Regulation is Necessary. EU paper on Illegal and Harmful Content on the Internet suggests that even from a liberal Western perspective, there is a need to regulate Int
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1. Asia-Pacific Regional Expert Meeting On Legal Framework Of Cyberspace: Content Regulation By
Dr Ang Peng Hwa
School of Communication Studies
Nanyang Technological University
Singapore
2. Statement of Problem Content Regulation (A National Activity)
Is Necessary
But The Internet is Global
3. Evidence that Content Regulation is Necessary EU paper on Illegal and Harmful Content on the Internet suggests that even from a liberal Western perspective, there is a need to regulate Internet content
More countries are looking at content regulation
Regulation is needed to create legal certainty and thereby promote electronic commerce
4. 8 Areas of Regulation As Seen By EU: national security,
protection of minors,
protection of human dignity,
economic security,
information security,
protection of privacy,
protection of reputation, and
intellectual property.
In Asia, political communication and religious communication
5. Theoretical Perspectives: Regulatory Paradigms Post-- because of email,
Telephony-IRC chat, Internet telephony,
Print--Web content,
Broadcast,
Computing--anarchy, and
Advertising.
Which Paradigm?
6. Pop Quiz 1: Which country has had the most convictions for ‘Net porn? Singapore
China
USA
7. Pop Quiz 2: Which country said it would not have the Internet but within six months of saying that, went on to celebrate an Internet day? Singapore
China
Vietnam
8. Pop Quiz 3: Which countries have used the electronic death penalty--denial of Net access? Singapore and China
China and Vietnam
Singapore and South Korea
South Korea and Australia
9. Modes of Regulation 1. No Internet-directed content regulation laws
USA, Australia
2. Code of Practice/Conduct/Ethics
UK (by design?), France (by default)
3. Rationalisation of Internet laws with existent media laws
Germany, Singapore, most countries
4. New Internet-directed laws
South Korea, China, Vietnam
Some Combination of Above?
10. Problems With Self-Regulation Industry is not interested
E.g. Privacy and companies in USA
Difficulty of Enforcement
What sanctions?
Lack of history of self-regulation in most countries
11. Can regulation help Internet development? Canada and France--regulations to promote French content
Modelled after broadcast model of quota for television programs
Does the presence of regulations automatically mean the hindrance of ‘Net development?
Korea and the failure of diffusion of the moveable metal-type printing press
12. Recommendations Have an international forum on areas of agreement, e.g. porn. (Credit/Blame the ABA)
Develop a step-by-step regulatory “manual” for developing countries.
Share experiences of various countries.