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Endocrine System – Pituitary Gland

Endocrine System – Pituitary Gland. By: Marian Liwanen. What is it?. It is a pea sized gland located at the base of the skull between optic nerves. The pituitary gland is divided into two parts. The anterior lobe and the posterior lobe.

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Endocrine System – Pituitary Gland

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  1. Endocrine System – Pituitary Gland By: Marian Liwanen

  2. What is it? • It is a pea sized gland located at the base of the skull between optic nerves. • The pituitary gland is divided into two parts. The anterior lobe and the posterior lobe. • It is also known as the ‘Master Gland’ because it controls the function of other endocrine glands.

  3. Anterior lobe • Makes and secretes six major hormones: • Growth hormone • Thyroid-stimulating hormone • Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) • Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone (Sex hormones) • Prolactin

  4. Anterior lobe • It also secretes endorphins and chemicals that act on the nervous system to reduce sensitivity to pain.

  5. Posterior lobe • Unlike the anterior lobe, the posterior lobe only produces two hormones. • Antidiuretic hormone which regulates the amount of water released by the kidneys; affects water balance. • Oxytocin which stimulates the contraction of the milk ducts in the breast.

  6. Tumor in the gland • The pituitary gland can evolve a noncancerous tumor. • This leads to overproduction on one or more pituitary hormones. • The tumor may also lead to underproduction of pituitary hormones due to pressure.

  7. Tumor in the gland • Sometimes, one hormone may be overproduced and another under produced at the same time. • This is due to pressure. • Tumor in the pituitary gland can also lead to an enlargement of the gland, without affecting the production of hormones.

  8. Tumor in the gland • Doctors can identify pituitary gland malfunctions by conducting tests. • Imaging tests such as CT and MRI scans can show wether or not a pituitary gland has shrunken or enlarged.

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