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Larry S. Monroe, Ph.D. Senior Research Consultant Southern Company Birmingham, Alabama

Coal-Fired Power Plants Environmental Control Technology and Cost Issues. Larry S. Monroe, Ph.D. Senior Research Consultant Southern Company Birmingham, Alabama October 22, 2010. Upcoming regulations HAPs MACT GHG BACT/NSPS Coal solid by-products Water intake and effluent G/L’s

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Larry S. Monroe, Ph.D. Senior Research Consultant Southern Company Birmingham, Alabama

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  1. Coal-Fired Power Plants Environmental Control Technology and Cost Issues Larry S. Monroe, Ph.D. Senior Research Consultant Southern Company Birmingham, Alabama October 22, 2010

  2. Upcoming regulations HAPs MACT GHG BACT/NSPS Coal solid by-products Water intake and effluent G/L’s HAPs control technologies Questions, questions, questions Outline http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epm/table1_1.html

  3. Requires control of hazardous air pollutants (list of 187 chemicals/chemical classes) for all plants Existing plants must exceed performance of best 12% of sources New plants must exceed best performance Data from EPA Information Collection Request: Organics (CO, THC, etc.) Mercury Metals (PM and other metallic HAP) Dioxins/Furans Acid Gases (HCl, HF, HCN) Adjustments based on variability EPA can subcategorize EGUs based on size, type, or class EGU HAPs MACT

  4. Problem with MACT Standard Setting – “Franken-Plant” Plant C:HCl Plant B:Hg Plant D:CO Plant A:PM Plant E:Dioxin/ furans MACT Standard

  5. Are there technologies (or combinations) to get to required emissions levels? For all coals? Can any plant satisfy a set of Franken-plant standards? Can MACT levels of acid gases (HCl & HF) be met without a scrubber? What about organics? dioxins and furans? HAPs Control Technology Questions

  6. http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/page/capacity/existingunits2008.xlshttp://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/page/capacity/existingunits2008.xls

  7. Control each coal plant for HAPs and then solid by-products and then water and then GHGs? Retire coal and replace with? Nuclear (timing and financial) Natural gas (infrastructure & price) New coal (permitting with GHGs) Renewables (reliability and cost) Timing of HAPs MACT compliance is particularly difficult Final rule 11/16/2011 Compliance 01/01/2015 Questions, questions, questions

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