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Composting Overview

Composting Overview. Derek Rompot Illinois EPA. What you really need to know:. Derek Rompot Illinois Environmental Protection Agency 217-524-3262 derek.rompot@illinois.gov. What is Composting. Biological treatment process Decomposition of organic portion of waste

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Composting Overview

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  1. Composting Overview Derek Rompot Illinois EPA

  2. What you really need to know: • Derek Rompot • Illinois Environmental Protection Agency • 217-524-3262 • derek.rompot@illinois.gov

  3. What is Composting • Biological treatment process • Decomposition of organic portion of waste • Finished Compost – humus like product used as a soil conditioner

  4. Types of Compost • Landscape Waste Composting • 35 IAC 830 through 832 • Organic Waste Composting • 35 IAC 807 • Land Application • Section 21(q)(2) of the Act

  5. Permitting Steps • Local Siting Review • Section 39.2 of the Act • Required prior to permit application with IEPA • Exemptions • Permit Application to Illinois EPA • No permit required if composting own waste only at site where it is generated

  6. Exemptions • See Section 3.330 of the Act • Landscape Waste Compost Facility • Food, paper, manure (SB 099) • Must meet same setbacks as landscape waste compsoting - or – • Must be in-vessel

  7. Landscape Waste Composting • Grass or shrubbery cuttings, leaves, tree limbs and other materials accumulated as the result of the care of lawns, shrubbery, vines and trees. • No local siting review required • Regulated by 35 Illinois Administrative Code (IAC) parts 830-832

  8. Setback Standards • Must meet setback standards in 35 IAC 830.203. • Illinois EPA can not issue a permit if setbacks are not met

  9. What are the setback standards? • Setback 200 feet from potable water supply • Outside 10 year floodplain (or flood proofed) • Setback 1/8 mile from nearest residence • Setback 1/8 mile – hospitals, schools, day-care • Potential for end-of-day incorporation if located w/in ¼ mile of residence or ½ mile of neighborhood

  10. Setback Standards • No compost w/in 5 feet of the water table • Control of run-off and leachate • Comply w/ Wild and Scenic Rivers Act • Address 100-year flood concerns • Historic Preservation Act • Natural Landmark • Illinois Natural Areas Preservation Act • Endangered Species Act

  11. Additives • May use up to 10% by volume additives • Additives must be requested in permit application. • Allowable additives will be specified in the permit.

  12. Organic Composting • Organic Waste Composting – Source separated organic waste • Mixed Municipal Waste - non-source separated municipal solid waste • Regulated by 35 IAC Part 807

  13. Local Siting Review • Done at local (municipality/county) level • Often difficult & expensive • See section 39.2 of the Act • Exemptions (SB 099 & Sec 3.330 of the Act) • Food, paper waste and manure • In-vessel or meet setbacks

  14. 35 IAC 807 • General Solid waste regulations • Does not specifically address composting • “Thou shall not do bad” • Illinois EPA will use landscape waste composting regulations (35 IAC 830) as guidelines in permit review.

  15. Illinois EPA Regulations • Available on-line at www.ipcb.state.il.us • Composting falls under solid waste regulations – 35 IAC 807 • Specific regulations have been developed for landscape waste composting – 35 IAC 830-832

  16. Permit Details • Landscape waste compost permits issued for 5 years • Organic waste composting permits – no expiration • No fee to process form Illinois EPA • P.E. Signature required (environmental consultant)

  17. Landscape waste application forms • Certificate of Authenticity • LPC-PA12 • LPC-PA16 • 39(i) certifications

  18. Organic composting forms • Certificate of Authenticity • LPC-PA1 • LPC-PA6 • LPC-PA8 • LPC-PA11 • LPC-PA16 • 39(i) certifications

  19. What if I do both? • If a facility is composting landscape waste + food scrap/manure greater than 10% • Need two (2) permits • 830 permit for the landscape waste composting • 807 permit for organic portion of composting

  20. Etc. The following slides mention concerns about composting in general, and are issues that Illinois EPA consider during the review of Permit Applications.

  21. General Concerns • Proper Composting Conditions • Compost Recipe (C:N ratio) • Location Standards (basis for permit denial) • Stockpiles/Windrows • Odors • Vectors • End Product Use (accumulation)

  22. Proper Composting Conditions • Aerobic Conditions • Windrows (or In-Vessel) • Temperature • Moisture • Oxygen Content

  23. Compost Recipes • Recipe is mixture of different materials to get desired finished compost • C:N ratio of 20:1 to 30:1 • Carbon – “browns” – woody material • Nitrogen – “greens” – grass, leaves • Carbon Stockpiles – inspection concern

  24. Inspection/Complaint Concerns • Liter/Debris • Stockpiles/windrows • Proper location • Adequate spacing • Proper Operation • Temperature • Moisture • Oxygen (turning)

  25. Inspection/Complaint Concerns • Odors • Vectors • Finished Compost • Amount on-site/storage finished compost • Potential open dumping issues if compost not removed form site in timely (one year) manner

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