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ISAIAH

ISAIAH. The Fifth Gospel. Isaiah 1:1. The vision of Isaiah the son of Amoz, concerning Judah and Jerusalem which he saw during the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah. Authorship of the Book.

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ISAIAH

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  1. ISAIAH The Fifth Gospel

  2. Isaiah 1:1 The vision of Isaiah the son of Amoz, concerning Judah and Jerusalem which he saw during the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah.

  3. Authorship of the Book • The first half of the book deals with judgment while the second half of the book deals with the glory of God’s future hope • The latter portion of the book has events during the Persian empire as its focus • Isaiah not mentioned by name in the latter portion of the book

  4. Authorship of the Book • The unity of the book of Isaiah was not brought into serious question until the rise of liberalism in the 19th century • Dead Sea Scrolls showed a unified book • Josephus speaks of how Cyrus the Great became aware of the prophecies about himself that were contained in the book of Isaiah (Antiquities 11:1:2). • Isaiah’s special title for God is “the Holy One of Israel” - used in both sections

  5. Isaiah the Man • Evidence of high education and elite society • A friend and a confidant of King Hezekiah • From the ranks of the priesthood?

  6. His Family • Maher-shalal-hash-baz (Isaiah 8:3) • “Speedy is the prey” • A promise of coming judgment • Shear-jashub (Isaiah 7:3) • “A remnant shall return” • A promise of eventual restoration

  7. Isaiah 1 A Microcosm of the Entire Book of Isaiah

  8. Isaiah 1:2-3 2 Listen, O heavens, and hear, O earth; For the LORD speaks, “Sons I have reared and brought up, But they have revolted against Me. 3 An ox knows its owner, And a donkey its master's manger, But Israel does not know, My people do not understand.”

  9. Isaiah 1:4 Literally “Seed of Evil Ones.” Alas, sinful nation, People weighed down with iniquity, Offspring of evildoers, Sons who act corruptly! They have abandoned the Lord, They have despised the Holy One of Israel, They have turned away from Him.

  10. Isaiah 1:10-11 10 Hear the word of the LORD, You rulers of Sodom; Give ear to the instruction of our God, You people of Gomorrah. 11 "What are your multiplied sacrifices to Me?" Says the LORD. "I have had enough of burnt offerings of rams, And the fat of fed cattle. And I take no pleasure in the blood of bulls, lambs, or goats.

  11. Isaiah 1:21 How the faithful city has become a harlot, She who was full of justice! Righteousness once lodged in her, But now murderers.

  12. Isaiah 1:26-27 26 Then I will restore your judges as at the first, And your counselors as at the beginning; After that you will be called the city of righteousness, A faithful city." 27 Zion will be redeemed with justice And her repentant ones with righteousness.

  13. Isaiah 1-35

  14. Isaiah 6:1 In the year of King Uzziah's death, I saw the Lord sitting on a throne, lofty and exalted, with the train of His robe filling the temple.

  15. Isaiah 6:2-4 Seraphim stood above Him, each having six wings; with two he covered his face, and with two he covered his feet, and with two he flew. 3 And one called out to another and said, “Holy, Holy, Holy, is the LORD of hosts, The whole earth is full of His glory.” 4 And the foundations of the thresholds trembled at the voice of him who called out, while the temple was filling with smoke.

  16. Isaiah 6:5 Then I said, “Woe is me, for I am ruined! Because I am a man of unclean lips, And I live among a people of unclean lips; For my eyes have seen the King, the LORD of hosts.”

  17. Isaiah 6:6-7 Then one of the seraphim flew to me, with a burning coal in his hand which he had taken from the altar with tongs. 7 And he touched my mouth with it and said, “Behold, this has touched your lips; and your iniquity is taken away, and your sin is forgiven.”

  18. Isaiah 7:1-2 Now it came about in the days of Ahaz, the son of Jotham, the son of Uzziah, king of Judah, that Rezin the king of Aram and Pekah the son of Remaliah, king of Israel, went up to Jerusalem to wage war against it, but could not conquer it. When it was reported to the house of David, saying, “The Arameans have camped in Ephraim,” his heart and the hearts of his people shook as the trees of the forest shake with the wind.

  19. Aram ASSYRIAN EMPIRE Israel Judah Judah

  20. Isaiah 7:10-12 Then the LORD spoke again to Ahaz, saying, 11 “Ask a sign for yourself from the LORD your God; make it deep as Sheol or high as heaven.” 12 But Ahaz said, “I will not ask, nor will I test the LORD!”

  21. Isaiah 7:13-16 Then he said, “Listen now, O house of David! Is it too slight a thing for you to try the patience of men, that you will try the patience of my God as well? 14 Therefore the Lord Himself will give you a sign: Behold, a virgin will be with child and bear a son, and she will call His name Immanuel. 15 He will eat curds and honey at the time He knows enough to refuse evil and choose good. 16 For before the boy will know enough to refuse evil and choose good, the land whose two kings you dread will be forsaken.

  22. Child Motif • Shear-jashub (Isaiah 7:3) • Immanu-el (Isaiah 7:14; 8:8) • Maher-shalal-hash.baz (Isaiah 8:3) • Isaiah’s children (Isaiah 8:18) • The Royal Child (Isaiah 9:6-7).

  23. Isaiah 7:15-16 He will eat curds and honey at the time He knows enough to refuse evil and choose good. 16 For before the boy will know enough to refuse evil and choose good, the land whose two kings you dread will be forsaken.

  24. Isaiah 7:17-19 The LORD will bring on you, on your people, and on your father's house such days as have never come since the day that Ephraim separated from Judah, the king of Assyria. 18 And it will come about in that day, that the LORD will whistle for the fly that is in the remotest part of the rivers of Egypt, and for the bee that is in the land of Assyria. 19 And they will all come and settle on the steep ravines, on the ledges of the cliffs, on all the thorn bushes, and on all the watering places.

  25. Isaiah 7:14

  26. Lessons from Isaiah 7 • Jesus is the Promised Messiah • God is with us • The continuing presence of God • A Sign for a Particular Situation

  27. Isaiah 9:1-2 1 But there will be no more gloom for her who was in anguish; in earlier times He treated the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali with contempt, but later on He shall make it glorious, by the way of the sea, on the other side of Jordan, Galilee of the Gentiles. 2 The people who walk in darkness Will see a great light; Those who live in a dark land, The light will shine on them.

  28. Naphtali Zebulun ￭ Jerusalem

  29. Isaiah 9:6 For a child will be born to us, a son will be given to us; And the government will rest on His shoulders; And His name will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Eternal Father, Prince of Peace. Hebraism for one who is Eternal

  30. Historical Interlude Isaiah 36-39

  31. Isaiah 36:1 Now it came about in the fourteenth year of King Hezekiah, Sennacherib king of Assyria came up against all the fortified cities of Judah and seized them.

  32. Isaiah 36:2-3 And the king of Assyria sent Rabshakeh from Lachish to Jerusalem to King Hezekiah with a large army. And he stood by the conduit of the upper pool on the highway of the fuller's field. 3 Then Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, who was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son of Asaph, the recorder, came out to him.

  33. Isaiah 37:36-37 36 Then the angel of the LORD went out, and struck 185,000 in the camp of the Assyrians; and when men arose early in the morning, behold, all of these were dead. 37 So Sennacherib, king of Assyria, departed and returned home, and lived at Nineveh.

  34. Taylor Prism • Discovered by Austen Henry Layard in 1847 • Sennacherib’s account of the campaign • “As for Hezekiah the Jew… Himself, like a caged bird, I shut up in Jerusalem, his royal city”

  35. Isaiah 40-66

  36. -2 Isaiah 40:1 "Comfort, O comfort My people," says your God. "Speak kindly to Jerusalem; And call out to her, that her warfare has ended, That her iniquity has been removed, That she has received of the LORD's hand Double for all her sins."

  37. Isaiah 41:1 Coastlands, listen to Me in silence, And let the peoples gain new strength; Let them come forward, then let them speak; Let us come together for judgment.

  38. Isaiah 41:2-3 2 Who has aroused one from the east Whom He calls in righteousness to His feet? He delivers up nations before him, And subdues kings. He makes them like dust with his sword, As the wind-driven chaff with his bow. 3 He pursues them, passing on in safety, By a way he had not been traversing with his feet.

  39. Isaiah 41:8-10 8 But you, Israel, My servant, Jacob whom I have chosen, Descendant of Abraham My friend, 9 You whom I have taken from the ends of the earth, And called from its remotest parts, And said to you, “You are My servant, I have chosen you and not rejected you.”

  40. Isaiah 41:21-22 21 “Present your case,” the LORD says. “Bring forward your strong arguments,” The King of Jacob says. 22 Let them bring forth and declare to us what is going to take place; As for the former events, declare what they were, That we may consider them, and know their outcome; Or announce to us what is coming.

  41. Isaiah 41:23 Declare the things that are going to come afterward, That we may know that you are gods; Indeed, do good or evil, that we may anxiously look about us and fear together.

  42. -25 Isaiah 41:24 Behold, you are of no account, And your work amounts to nothing; He who chooses you is an abomination. I have aroused one from the north, and he has come; From the rising of the sun he will call on My name; And he will come upon rulers as upon mortar, Even as the potter treads clay.

  43. Isaiah 44:28 - 45:1 28 It is I who says of Cyrus, 'He is My shepherd! And he will perform all My desire.' And he declares of Jerusalem, 'She will be built,' And of the temple, 'Your foundation will be laid.'" 1 Thus says the LORD to Cyrus His anointed, Whom I have taken by the right hand, To subdue nations before him, And to loose the loins of kings; To open doors before him so that gates will not be shut

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