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High-Fidelity Prototyping

High-Fidelity Prototyping. IS 485, Professor Matt Thatcher. Agenda. Administrivia High-fidelity prototyping terminology brief overview of tools. “Culture” of Prototyping (Relationship bet. the prototype and the final product). Rapid prototyping prototype is “thrown away”

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High-Fidelity Prototyping

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  1. High-Fidelity Prototyping IS 485, Professor Matt Thatcher

  2. Agenda • Administrivia • High-fidelity prototyping • terminology • brief overview of tools

  3. “Culture” of Prototyping(Relationship bet. the prototype and the final product) • Rapid prototyping • prototype is “thrown away” • collect info on requirements and test different designs • Evolutionary prototyping • initial prototype is constructed, evaluated, and evolved continually until it becomes the final system • most extensive form of prototyping • Incremental prototyping • allows large system to be installed in phases to avoid delays between specifications and delivery

  4. “Dimension” of Prototyping (Degree or depth of the prototype’s functionality) • Full prototype • complete functionality (lower performance) • Horizontal prototype • shows the user-interface but has no functionality behind the action buttons/menus • Vertical prototype • contains all the high level and low level functionality for a restricted part of a system

  5. Dimensions Vertical Prototype Horizontal Prototype User Interface Applications Software Systems Software Data base and Telecommunications Hardware

  6. Constructing a Hi-Fi Model • Review all relevant user design doc’n • task analysis, paper prototypes, user test results, other feedback, etc. • Using a “tool”, define windows, controls, and screen layout • Microsoft Access – physical layout, toolbox, and properties • Develop inter-window navigation • Microsoft Access – macros and modules • Develop text entry / display logic • Develop additional functionality as called for in the prototype plan • Microsoft Access – bound, unbound, and calculated controls

  7. Constructing a Hi-Fi Model • Unit test the prototype • make sure each button click does what it is suppose to do • Complete doc’n to identify functionality that will not be prototyped at this time • Determine technical constraints • Review prototype with the team before review with users

  8. Clothes-Shopper Revisited(Tool = Visual Basic)

  9. Clothes-Shopper(Profile Setup)

  10. Clothes-Shopper(Early Main Page)

  11. Clothes-Shopper(Later Main Page)

  12. Clothes-Shopper(The Next Iteration) New vs. Old What’s the difference?

  13. Early Design Low-fidelity prototypes Brainstorm different representations Choose a representation Rough out interface style Scenario-centered walkthrough (Storyboarding) Heuristic evaluation User testing Fine-tune UI, screen design, color, fonts, dialog, etc. High-Fidelity horizontalprototypes Heuristic evaluation User testing Add more functionality, perform more usability testing, and do more redesign High-Fidelity verticalprototypes Limited field testing and alpha/beta testing High-Fidelity fullprototypes or working systems Late Design

  14. Why Do We Use Tools to Prototype? • Faster • Easier to incorporate testing changes • Easier to involve variety of specialists • Separation of UI code from application code • easier to change and maintain • Don’t have to worry about: • code • quality assurance • code management

  15. Prototyping Tools • Hypermedia systems • Hypertext Mark-Up Language (HTML), Hypercard (Apple), Dreamweaver (Macromedia), FrontPage (Microsoft), Go Live (Adobe), Visio (Microsoft) • Graphical/animation tools • Director (Macromedia), Flash (Macromedia) • Programming tools (UI builders) • Visual Basic, JAVA • Other tools • Access, Excel, PowerPoint, Word (all Microsoft)

  16. HTML • Set of logical codes (markup) that define the appearance of a web document and its content • tags, elements, attributes • <FONT=“blue” SIZE=“+1”>This text would be blue and one size larger than normal</FONT> • <body BGCOLOR=“#FFFFFF”> • Problems with hand coding html documents • takes time to learn • not visual • while html may be preferred by programmers it is not necessarily preferred by designers for this reason • more difficult to create and maintain certain elements, like tables • programming issues and frustrations for novices • more difficult to incorporate multimedia, animation, etc.

  17. HTML(Creating a basic document) <html> <head> <title> </title> </head> <body> </body> </html>

  18. HTML(Sample coding)

  19. HTML(Forms) • <INPUT TYPE=“Text”> • creates a text box • attributes include Type, Name, Value, Size, etc. • other types include • “Checkbox”, ”Password”, ”Radio”, ”Button”, “Submit”, “Reset”, etc. • JavaScript • adds functionality to the web page • we’ll see examples in a few slides

  20. Hypermedia Systems • Computer applications that structure information in a navigable form • html code is generated automatically as text, images, buttons, etc. are added usually by drag-and-drop operations • Advantages • common tools • relatively low cost • easy to learn, use, and maintain • easy to reach a high level of software quality • scripting languages to add functionality • can be used to implement final UI (“evolutionary”)

  21. Apple HyperCard(Overview) • Main components • stacks (e.g., book of pages or a rolodex of cards) • cards (e.g., pages in a book, cards in a rolodex,) • backgrounds (template shared by cards in a stack) • buttons, fields, icons, menus, graphics • Creating and modifying objects • features (or properties) • behavior (scripts) • paint tools

  22. Apple HyperCard(The Look)

  23. Apple HyperCard(Scripting Language = HyperTalk) • Script for a button • simple, English-like, not as powerful as other scripts

  24. Macromedia Dreamweaver(Overview) • Main components • document window (the screen area or real estate) • object palette (graphics, tables, links, form controls, and other common web elements) • properties inspector (defines appearance of objects) • launcher (site management) and mini-launcher • has its own ftp program built in which makes it faster and easier to publish the site

  25. Macromedia Dreamweaver(The Look)

  26. Macromedia Dreamweaver(JavaScript and Behaviors) • JavaScript • scripting language that adds functionality to your webpage • controls and modifies html elements • it is part of the web page (embedded in the html code) and is run by the browser • Behaviors • pre-defined (or pre-build) bundles of JavaScript code that perform common functions • similar to “macros” from Microsoft Access which are pre-defined bundles of VisualBasicScript

  27. JavaScript(Directs user to a webpage based on browser version)

  28. JavaScript(Another example)

  29. JavaScript(Results from previous slide)

  30. Microsoft Frontpage(Overview) • Main parts • editor (i.e., screen area) • properties • editor views (normal, preview, html) • views bar (hyperlinks, navigation, reports, etc.)

  31. Microsoft Frontpage(The Look)

  32. Microsoft Frontpage(Visual Basic Scripting)

  33. Adobe Go Live(Overview) • Similar to Dreamweaver but • DW is used much more by professional designers and developers • DW is considered easier to learn and more intuitive • Go Live does not have site management tools • UI is similar to other Adobe products • Main parts • layout gird (i.e., screen area) • object palette (e.g., widgets) • inspector palette (e.g., properties)

  34. Adobe Go Live(The Look)

  35. Director(Overview) • Director • commonly used by designers • intended for multimedia applications • used for movies, interactive games, and animations, audio, images, etc. on CDs, websites, and kiosks • lacks a good standard widget set • can create a database in Director (but not that great) • 5 main components • stage that displays what the end user will see • toolbars for creating and changing artwork • property inspector and text inspector for setting properties • score to organize movie contents (frame) • cast stores reusable items (buttons for interactivity and navigation, movie clips for complex animation, and graphics) • behaviors are pre-built modules of code • Lingo script

  36. Director(The Look) Cast Stage Score

  37. Director(Scripting Language = Lingo) • Lingo • optimized for animation • not as powerful for functionality as VB

  38. Flash(Overview) • Similar to Director • marketed as a web development tool • primarily used in movie, animation, and sound applications or to add animation to an existing website • used often for websites, CD-ROM, Kiosks • Easy to put Flash animation in DW applications • Main components: • stage that displays what end user will see • toolbars for creating and changing artwork • panels for modifying properties of elements • timeline to organize movie content (frames) • library stores reusable items (buttons for interactivity and navigation, movie clips for complex animation, and graphics) • smart clips are pre-build modules of code • action script

  39. Flash(The Look)

  40. Visual Basic • Lots of widgets • aka, controls or designer created standard interface elements • Simple language (Basic) • Slower than other UI builders sets • Modifies properties • Associates widgets with programs that operate when they are invoked by a user of an interface

  41. Visual Basic(The Look)

  42. JAVA • Developed by Sun Microsystems • Cross platform • PC, Mac, Unix

  43. Microsoft Access(Overview) • Main components • physical layout (i.e., screen area) • tool box • properties • macros (pre-built, easy-to-use code) • modules (visual basic script) • Microsoft motif applications • Web applications • Extremely versatile tool

  44. Microsoft Access(The Look)

  45. Microsoft Access(The Look)

  46. Microsoft Access(The Look)

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