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NATIONAL ICT STRATEGY AND INFRASTRUCTURE

NATIONAL ICT STRATEGY AND INFRASTRUCTURE. Comparing Kenya with her Competitors. DR. KATHERINE GETAO School of Computing and Informatics University of Nairobi. DR. ERIC M. ALIGULA Infrastructure and Economic Services Division KIPPRA. Presented at the

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NATIONAL ICT STRATEGY AND INFRASTRUCTURE

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  1. NATIONAL ICT STRATEGY AND INFRASTRUCTURE Comparing Kenya with her Competitors DR. KATHERINE GETAO School of Computing and Informatics University of Nairobi DR. ERIC M. ALIGULA Infrastructure and Economic Services Division KIPPRA Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  2. OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION • Introduction • The Need for an ICT Strategy • Comparative ICT Infrastructure Status • Detailed Case Study – Malaysia • Lessons from Case Studies • The Way Forward for Kenya Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  3. THE NEED FOR AN ICT STRATEGY Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  4. FOCUS OF ICT STRATEGYA Typology Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  5. ICT STRATEGYFocus of Interventions Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  6. ICT STRATEGYFocus of Interventions Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  7. COMPARATIVE ICT STATUSInstitutional Infrastructure Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  8. COMPARATIVE ICT STATUSTeledensity and Traffic Flows Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  9. COMPARATIVE ICT STATUSTeledensity and Traffic Flows Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  10. COMPARATIVE ICT STATUSInformation Technology, Gateway Capacity and E-Readiness Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  11. COMPARATIVE ICT STATUSInformation Technology, Gateway Capacity and E-Readiness Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  12. COMPARATIVE ICT STATUSInformation Technology, Gateway Capacity and E-Government Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  13. THE MALAYSIAN ICT STRATEGYMalaysia and ICTs – Why? • Recognition that Malaysia was losing its comparative advantage in its traditional economic sectors; • Need to drive the economy towards higher productivity through technology and high value-added economic activities; • Information Age and converging technologies presented the best opportunities for socio-economic transformation. • ICTs AS A TOOL TO ACHIEVE DEVELOPMENT GOALS • ICTS AS STRATEGIC ENABLERS IN MOVING MALAYSIA TOWARDS KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY AND KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  14. THE MALAYSIAN ICT STRATEGY • Create a mutually supportive feedback loop between demand and supply aimed at laying the foundation for the knowledge economy and society • Initiate the process through policy intervention • National IT Agenda (NITA) formulated in 1996 with the specific aim of transforming Malaysia into a knowledge economy by 2020 • NITA implemented through the National Information Technology Council (NITC) Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  15. NATIONAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY COUNCIL (NITC) • Chaired by the Prime Minister of Malaysia • Established in 1994 with the vision of creating a values-based Knowledge Society in line with the aspirations of Vision 2020 • Aims to enhance the development and utilization of ICT as a strategic technology for national development • Acts as a think-tank at the highest level and advises the government on matters pertaining to the development of ICT in Malaysia Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  16. Policy Framework • National level • Strategic function • Policy coordination and integration • NITC • Strategic Initiatives • Inter- and Intra • Agency • Sectoral Policy • National level • Tactical function • Institutional programme coordination Programs & Initiatives ICT Based Activities • Organizational • Operational Activities • Organizational level • Operational function • Execution Feedback loop for policy review NITC’S MODEL FOR POLICY INTERVENTION Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  17. Connectivity • Equitable access to info • Culture of learning • Info literacy Sustainable societal innovation for better Quality of Life PEOPLE comprehensive human development ACCESS AND EQUITY QUALITATIVE TRANSFORMATION VISION 2020 Values-based Knowledge Society CONTENT & APPLICATIONS Solutions for Info. Age work and life CREATING VALUE • Innovation systems, creativity, entrepreneurship through R&D • Life long learning THE NATIONAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AGENDA (NITA) INFOSTRUCTURE Info. Age Development Foundation Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  18. Covered all areas of the economy with the aim of creating value and wealth through successful participation in the emerging knowledge driven economy • e-Economy • e-Public Services Focused on the provision of people oriented, customer focused services electronically Facilitated interaction and communication among communities to improve the quality of life STRATEGIC THRUST AREAS • e-Community • e-Learning Focused on cultivating a life-long learning culture • e-Sovereignity Focused on building a resilient national identity in the face of challenges to the nation STRATEGIC THRUST AREAS Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  19. Provided a framework and platform for dialogue and exchange of national and international experiences on ICT, as well as to raise the awareness of the Malaysian public about Information Age developments • Conferences and Expositions • Demonstrator Application Grants (DAGS) Promoting the use of ICT and multimedia for socio-economic development through developing communities enabled by electronic networks e.g. NutriWeb, CyberCare, Neighbourhood Centres STRATEGIC THRUST AREAS Provide a comprehensive world-class ICT enabled working and living environment to catalyse development of a knowledge economy. Acted as a global test bed for innovative solutions as well as a hub for development of both local and foreign SMEs • Multimedia Super Corridor STRATEGIC THRUST AREAS Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  20. Go Global Create the ideal multimedia environment to attract world-class companies to use MSC as a hub Enhance domestic productivity Leapfrog into success in the Information Age Create value from Information Age businesses Catalyze a highly competitive cluster of Malaysian multimedia/IT companies that become world-class over time Lead Regional MULTIMEDIA SUPER CORRIDOR STRATEGY Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  21. Phase 3 Phase 2 Phase 1 Link the MSC to other cyber cities in Malaysia and worldwide Transform Malaysia into a knowledge society Successfully create the Multimedia Super Corridor • All of Malaysia • 500 world-class companies • Global test-bed for new multimedia applications • International Cyber Court of Justice in MSC • 12 intelligent cities linked to global information highway • 1 Corridor • 50 world-class companies • Launch 7 flagship applications • World-leading framework of cyber laws • Cyberjaya as world-leading intelligent city • Web of corridors • 250 world-class companies • Set global standards in flagship applications • Harmonized global framework of cyber laws • 4-5 intelligent cities linked to other global cyber cities THE MULTIMEDIA SUPER CORRIDOR VISION (MSC): FROM 1996 TO 2020 Leapfrog into leadership in the Information Age 1996 2020 2003 2010 Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  22. The Communication and Multimedia Act (1998) The Telemedicine Act 1997 The Computer Crimes Act 1997 MALAYSIAN CYBERLAWS The Copyright (Amendment) Act 1997 The Electronic Government Activities legislation (EGA) Personal Data Protection Legislation The Electronic Transactions legislation (ETA) CYBERLAWS AND INCENTIVESMalaysian ICT Legal Framework Digital Signature Act 1997 Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  23. CYBERLAWS AND INCENTIVESBill of Guarantees FINANCIAL NON-FINANCIAL 4. Unrestricted employment of foreign knowledge workers • Five-year exemption from Malaysian income tax renewable to 10 years, 5. Freedom of ownership 6. Freedom to source capital globally 2. 100-percent Investment Tax Allowance (ITA) 7. World-class physical & IT infrastructure 8. Globally competitive tariffs 9. High-quality urban development • Duty-free importation of multimedia equipment. 10. Excellent education facilities & human resource talent pool Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  24. Smart Schools Multipurpose Card Electronic Government E-Business R&D Cluster Telehealth Technopreneur Development Worldwide Manufacturing Web Borderless Marketing Center FIRST WAVE MSC FLAGSHIP APPLICATIONS Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  25. RESEARCH & FUNDING FOR ICT • MSC Development Grant Scheme • Demonstrator Application Grant scheme (DAGS) • Industrial Research & Development Grant Schemes • Malaysia-MIT Biotechnology Partnership Programme • Technology Development for SMI • Technology Acquisition Fund (TAF) • S&T Infrastructure and Development and Commercialization of Research and Development • Intensification of Research in Priority Areas (IRPA) Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  26. ICT ROLES, OPTIONS, OBJECTIVES FOR DEVELOPMENT RECOGNISE INTERVENE GROW DEVELOP ICT Roles ICT Intervention Options Objectives of e-Development Synergies ACCELERATING GROWTH Information and Knowledge Delivery ICT/Knowledge/Multimedia Industries • ICT Service/Production Industries • ICT Enabled Business and Industry • ENHANCING PRODUCTIVITY • AND COMPETITIVENESS • ICT-Business Process Reengineering • ICT Enabled Manufacturing and Marketing DIGITAL MULTIPLIER EFFECTS ICT Effective Data Capture, Processing and Communication Accelerating transactions & reducing costs ICT Friendly Environment ICT Empowerment • REDUCING POVERTY • ICT-Empowered Public Services (health, education, & other public services) • ICT Enabled Governance (public accountability, social learning and public participation) • ICT Enabled Employment Opportunities ICT Infrastructure for networking and service delivery Networking, empowering Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  27. THE STATUS QUO IN KENYA • Lack of a single vision that harmonizes the efforts of public and private sector and communities; • Some of the key issues have been poorly addressed, namely; • infrastructure development, • human resource capacity building and • dealing with the digital divide. • Insufficient consideration as to how ICT initiatives will be funded Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  28. LESSONS FOR KENYARoles of Government • PRODUCERS OF ICT • through the development and deployment of ICT goods and services and ICT infrastructure • FACILITATORS OF ICT • through the creation of an enabling environment, including a conducive macroeconomic environment; a fiscal, legal and regulatory framework; and education policies • LEADERS OF ICT • by implementing e-government (i.e. becoming users of ICT), • addressing digital divides in the country, and • making ICT a national priority (e.g. through projects) Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  29. LESSONS FOR KENYACritical Success Factors • Strong Political and Administrative Leadership • Detailed Project Management with clearly identified goals and benefits • Business Process Reengineering Required • Focused Change Management Initiatives • Adopt established standards and protocols • Training Expenses should not be minimized Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  30. LESSONS FOR KENYA • The Vision and Mission with regard to ICTs must be in place • Enabling ICT Infrastructure and Infostructure must be developed • Human resources to support ICT development and application must be nurtured • An enabling legal and funding framework • Proactive measures to deal with issues of the digital divide Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  31. THE WAY FORWARD FOR KENYA • What does Kenya want to do with ICTs? • Vision and Mission • Priority areas • What institutional structures must it have in place? • Main partners and stakeholders • Implementation strategy and process • Organisation and coordination • How does it fund ICT development? • How does it deal with shocks from ICT application? Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  32. “The greatest danger for most of us is not that our aim is too high and we miss it, but that it is too low and we reach it” Michelangelo Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

  33. REFERENCES • ITU (2003) World Telecommunications Indicators. http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/ • The World Bank (n.d.) Information Infrastructure Indicators, 1990-2010 http://www.infodev.org/projects/internet/375pyramid/fin375.htm • http://www.nitc.org.my • http://www.mimos.my Presented at the The National ICT Convention of 23-25 March 2004 Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

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