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The Space Race: Competition and Cooperation. by Joy N. Scales. Images in this presentation are to be credited to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) unless otherwise stated. The Stage is Set. The End of WW II Operation “Paper Clip” at Peenemunde
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The Space Race:Competition and Cooperation by Joy N. Scales Images in this presentation are to be credited to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) unless otherwise stated.
The Stage is Set • The End of WW II • Operation “Paper Clip” at Peenemunde • Wernher von Braun – key player
The Stage is Set For the Soviet Union… Khrushchev, then-leader of the USSR (courtesy of CNN) Korolev, Head of Soviet Space Progam
The Stage is Set For the United States… Dwight D. Eisenhower Courtesy of www.whitehouse.gov
Ready, Set, GO! • The Soviets begin…
Ready, Set, GO! • The Americans begin… • Vanguard
Ready, Set, GO! • The Americans begin… OOPS! • An embarrassing event for the US • Kaputnik! • Flopnik!
Ready, Set, GO! • The Americans begin… Explorer I …for real this time!
Manned Space Flight Begins • NASA is created on July 28, 1958 • The organization was designed to make America the world’s leader in space technology and exploration….the race had officially begun for the U.S.
Manned Space Flight Begins • Soviets lead again…Vostok 1 • First person to orbit the Earth… Yuri Gagarin
Manned Space Flight Con’t • Americans try to catch up… • Mercury Program begins
Manned Space Flight Con’t • Kennedy’s speech, “I believe that this Nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth” (Launius, 2004).
Manned Space Flight Con’t • Gemini Program – U.S. • Rendezvous • Dock
Manned Space Flight Con’t • Apollo Program 1967- U.S. • Orbiting the Moon • Landing a man on the Moon • Return lunar samples (science)
Manned Space Flight Con’t • Soyuz Program 1967- USSR
An Attempt at Cooperation • Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) 1975
An Attempt at Cooperation • Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) 1975
An Attempt at Cooperation • United States’ Timeline: • Space Shuttle Developed -1981 • President Reagan announced decision to build U.S. space station within the decade – 1984 [NOT DONE] • Challenger disaster January - 1986 • National Commission on Space announced focus to go back and colonize the Moon - May 1986 [NOT DONE] • Large focus on planetary exploration • Hubble Space Telescope 1990
An Attempt at Cooperation • Soviet Union’s Timeline: • Worked on Space Stations –Salyut (1971-1981) • MIR was launched February 1986 • Record time in space, 1 year 22 hours and 39 minutes on Dec.1988
A Different Era • Fall of the USSR and the end of the Cold War, December 1991. • Reagan and Gorbachev Courtesy of en.wikipedia.org
A Different Era • MIR • July 1995: Shuttle docks with MIR space station. • March-Sept. 1996: Shannon Lucid is aboard MIR • Shuttle • Feb 1994: Sergei Krikalev flew on STS-60, the first joint U.S.-Russian space shuttle mission • ISS • Total of 16 initial countries involved. • U.S. had to work in trade to have Russian pieces completed.
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