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Some basic Unix commands

Some basic Unix commands. Understand the concept of loggin into and out of a Unix shell Interact with the system in a basic way through keyboard and terminal window Create, copy and delete files, edit files Understand and use commands like: ls cd mv cp rm cat date mkdir rmdir

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Some basic Unix commands

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  1. Some basic Unix commands • Understand the concept of loggin into and out of a Unix shell • Interact with the system in a basic way through keyboard and terminal window • Create, copy and delete files, edit files • Understand and use commands like: ls cd mv cp rm cat date mkdir rmdir • Be able to navigate up and down in the file system

  2. Logging in and out • As a Unix user you can log in and out • When loggin in, the system checks your user name and password – if correct, the system starts a shell for you and places you in the starting directory • The shell runs as your process until you log out • The shell gives you a prompt and interprets what you type

  3. Interacting with the system • Default input from the keyboard • Default output to the terminal window • When hitting return the shell interprets what you have typed • The shell finds a command with that name and starts a process to execute the command • During this time the shell process sleeps and wakes up when the command process is done

  4. Working with files • Creating files • Can use vi or any editor • Can use cat with input and output redirection • Copying files • cp makes a copy of an existing file • cat can do it also, we practice this to understand I/O redirection • Deleting files: rm • Editing files we will learn about vi, the most available Unix editor other editors are available on the system as applications

  5. More important commands • ls lists the files in the current directory by name • cd changes your position in the directory tree • mv moves a file from one directory to another • rm deletes a file • date prints the current date and time • mkdir creates a directory • rmdir deletes a directory (must be empty)‏ • All Unix commands have options

  6. Navigating in the directory tree • The cd command changes your position in the directory tree, destination is parameter, it must be the name of a directory visible in the current directory • cd without parameter • Relative movement (relative pathname)‏ • Absolute movement (absolute pathname)‏ • cd .. and cd .

  7. To Make a Good Password • A good password • Easily remembered by YOU • Difficult to be guessed by others • Tricks to make a good password • Pick letters from a sentence • I love Unix Ioenx • Pick letters, numbers, and symbols that sound, look like, or replace a phrase • Ihatecarrots! ih8^s! • A bad password not only harms you • Attacks are much easier with a compromised account on a computer

  8. Some Basic Commands • who: Who are using the system. terra$ who katchab ttyp0 Aug 11 08:47 scott tty02 Aug 10 11:01 jenny tty03 Aug 10 07:21 • who am i: Who am I. terra$ who am i katchab ttyp0 Aug 11 08:47

  9. Some Basic Commands • ls: List the files under current directory terra$ ls readme cs211.2.ppt cs211.ppt.gz notes.zip cs211.1.ppt cs211.3.ppt make/ shell/ • cat: Display the content of a file terra$ cat readme Unix is easy! terra$

  10. Some Basic Commands • Ctrl-c: (press <Control> and c at the same time) Interrupt the current task. terra$ cat ^c terra$ • netscape: surf the net. ONLY WHEN X is running terra$ netscape • lynx: surf the net. terra$ lynx www.yahoo.com

  11. Some Basic Commands • man: See the manual page of a command. terra$ man cat Reformatting page. Wait... Done User Commands cat(1) NAME cat - concatenate and display files SYNOPSIS cat [ -nbsuvet ] [ file ... ] DESCRIPTION cat reads each file in sequence and writes it on the stan- dard output. Thus: example% cat file prints file on your terminal, and: example% cat file1 file2 >file3 concatenates file1 and file2, and writes the results in file3. If no input file is given, cat reads from the stan- dard input file. OPTIONS--More--(11%)

  12. Commands covered today • File Manipulation Commands: • copy (cp), rename (mv), print (lpr), examine a file (head, more, cat), search a file (grep), delete (rm) • Miscellaneous commands • echo, date, cat • Basic File Compression – gzip, gunzip • Finding Utilities and help • which, whereis, apropos, man, info • Communicating online • Chat (write/talk) and email (pine)

  13. Communication Utilities in UNIX

  14. The talk Command

  15. A Complete talk Session

  16. A Complete talk Session

  17. A Complete talk Session

  18. The write Command

  19. E-Mail Programs • Some Programs available in Unix/Linux • Mail – most basic, low level mail command • ELM • PINE (PINE Is Not Elm), more user friendly text mail • Outlook, GUI driven • Eudora • Netscape Mailer

  20. Email Address

  21. PINE • A menu-driven client • Uses pico as an editor • Allows MIME attachments • Main Menu • C - Compose to write a message • I or L - View messages • Q - Quit

  22. Local login

  23. Remote Login

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