1 / 31

Ergonomics

Ergonomics. Industrial. Session Objectives. You will be able to: Understand the principles of ergonomics Recognize the risk factors, signs, and symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) Understand our program for identifying, reporting, and controlling MSDs

flora
Download Presentation

Ergonomics

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Ergonomics Industrial

  2. Session Objectives • You will be able to: • Understand the principles of ergonomics • Recognize the risk factors, signs, and symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) • Understand our program for identifying, reporting, and controlling MSDs • Know how to protect yourself from MSD injuries and reduce your risk

  3. What Is Ergonomics? • Modify jobs to fit capabilities of people • Reduce MSDs • Repetitive reaching, forceful exertions, bending and lifting, or working with vibrating equipment • Engineering controls • Safe work practices • PPE

  4. Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD) Injuries • 1.8 million MSD injuries each year • 600,000 MSD injuries require time away from work

  5. OSHA Regulation of Ergonomics • General Duty Clause • Applies to unregulated hazards • Failure to keep a hazard-free workplace • Hazard recognized by employer or employer’s industry • Hazard could cause death or serious harm • Method existed to correct the hazard exists

  6. What Are MSDs? • Injuries to: • Muscles • Nerves • Tendons—tendinitis • Ligaments • Joints • Spinal discs Image Credit: National Institutes of Health/NIAMS

  7. MSD Characteristics • Occur from a single event or many small injuries • Take weeks, months, or years to develop • Produce no symptoms in early stages, but show symptoms after permanent injury has occurred • Contributing causes may occur at home and at work • Same MSD may differ in severity from person to person doing a similar task

  8. General Signs of MSDs • Less strength for gripping • Less range of motion • Loss of muscle function • Inability to do everyday tasks

  9. MSD Symptoms • Back and neck— shooting pain, stiffness • Shoulders—pain, stiffness, loss of mobility • Arms and legs— shooting pains, numbness • Elbow and knee joints—pain, swelling, stiffness

  10. MSD Symptoms (cont.) • Hands and wrists— swelling, numb, loss of strength • Fingers—jerking movements, or loss of strength, mobility, and feeling • Thumbs—pain at the base • Feet and toes—numb, stiff, burning sensation

  11. Outward Signs of MSDs • Swelling or inflammation of joints • Vigorously shaking hands • Massaging hands, wrists, or arms • Cradling arms • Limping • Stiff back

  12. Common MSDs • Carpal tunnel syndrome • Low back pain • Eye strain • tendinitis • Trigger finger

  13. Common MSDs (cont.) • De Quervain’s disease—forceful grip • Carpet layer’s knee—contact trauma • Rotator cuff tendinitis— repetitive motion • Herniated disc— bending and twisting • Raynaud’s phenomenon—excess vibration

  14. Act on the Signs of MSD • Act immediately: • Report the problem • Seek medical attention • Early treatment and intervention can prevent permanent injury

  15. MSDs—Any Questions? • Any questions about MSDs? • Any questions about their signs and symptoms?

  16. Risk Factors that Lead to MSDs • Repetitive motions • Forceful exertions • Awkward postures • Contact stress (pressure points) • Vibrations

  17. Risk Factor—Repetitive Motion • Stress on muscles and tendons • Contributing factors • Duration and speed of repetitious movement • Number of musclesinvolved • Required force • Raising and lowering the arm over and over again

  18. Forceful Exertions • Inflammation of tendons, nerves, joints • Contributing factors • Type of grip • Weight of object • Body posture • Type and duration of the task • Repeatedly turning a screwdriver while pushing at the same time Image Credit: OSHA

  19. Awkward Postures • Stress on muscles and tendons • Contributing factors • Reaching overhead • Force the body must maintain to hold the position • Holding fixed positions (static loading) • Lifting while twisting, reaching, or turning

  20. Contact Stress • Pressing against or grabbing a hard object puts pressure on nerves, tendons, and blood vessels • Contributing factors • Repetition • Duration of contact • Grip strength required • Wresting wrists on the keyboard while typing

  21. Vibration • Affects tendons, muscles, joints, nerves • Contributing factors • Prolonged grip • Restricts blood supply to hands and fingers • Tools without vibration dampening device • Poor power tool maintenance • Prolonged use of a grinder

  22. MSDs Related to Risk Factors • DeQuervain’s Disease—forceful grip • Trigger Finger—contact stress • Rotator Cuff Syndrome—repetition • Thoracic Outlet Syndrome—posture • Raynaud’s Syndrome—vibration

  23. What’s Wrong Here?

  24. MSD Risk Factors • Any questions about risk factors? • MSD hazards?

  25. Ergonomics Management • Job assessment • MSD reporting and response system • Designated coordinator • MSD intervention and control system • Training • Encourage employee participation and reporting of MSDs

  26. Identifying and Controlling MSD Hazards • Determine whether MSD hazards exist and degree of risk • Devise a control strategy with your input • Implement control measures • Training

  27. Control Methods • Install engineering controls including workstation layout and proper tools • Institute work practice controls including neutral postures for performing tasks • Administrative controls including rescheduling to reduce frequency or duration of exposure to MSDs • Personal protective equipment (PPE) to provide a protective barrier between worker and MSD

  28. How to Protect Yourself • Change positions often, take stretch breaks • Maintain neutral posture whenever possible • Eliminate or reduce MSD risk factors • Use material handling aids • Report MSD symptoms

  29. Report MSDs • Immediately report MSD signs and symptoms • Report MSD hazards

  30. MSD Prevention and Control • Any questions about the methods to manage, prevent, and control MSDs?

  31. Key Points to Remember • Recognize MSD signs and symptoms • Understand MSD hazards • Take steps to control MSD hazards • Report MSDs • Participate in the Ergonomics Program

More Related