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Skeletal Muscle Groups

Skeletal Muscle Groups. Ready or not, here we go!. A. Muscles of Facial Expression. 1. Frontalis A: elevates eyebrows O: occipital bone I: skin of eyebrow 2. Occipitalis A: pulls scalp posterior O: mastoid process of occipital bone I: galea aponeurotica. 3. Orbicularis oculi

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Skeletal Muscle Groups

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  1. Skeletal Muscle Groups Ready or not, here we go!

  2. A. Muscles of Facial Expression 1. Frontalis • A: elevates eyebrows • O: occipital bone • I: skin of eyebrow 2. Occipitalis • A: pulls scalp posterior • O: mastoid process of occipital bone • I: galea aponeurotica

  3. 3. Orbicularis oculi • A: closes eyelid • O: frontal & maxillary bones • I: skin around eyelid 4. Orbicularis oris • A: closes lips • Kissing, speaking • O: facia surrounding lips • I: corners of mouth

  4. 5. Zygomaticus Major/Minor • A: Retracts & elevates corners of mouth • smiling • O: zygomatic bone • I: corner of mouth/upper lip 6. Buccinator- “kissing muscle” • A: compresses cheeks • Sucking, whistling, blowing • O: mandible & maxillary bones • I: orbicularisoris

  5. 7. Depressor angulioris • A: Depresses corner of mouth • O: Anterolateral surface of mandibular body • I: Skin at corner of mouth

  6. Muscles of Facial Expression

  7. B. Muscles of Mastication 1. Masseter- strongest jaw muscle • A: elevates the mandible • Closes mouth • O: zygomatic arch • I: mandibular ramus 2. Temporalis • A: elevates mandible • O: temporal bone • I: coronoid process of mandible

  8. Muscles of Mastication

  9. C. Muscles of the Neck 1. Platysma • A. Depresses mandible, tenses neck • O: Upper thorax between cartilage of 2nd rib & acromion process • I: Mandible & skin of cheek 2. Sternocleidomastoid • A: flexes head, turns head side to side • O: clavicle & manubrium • I: mastoid process of temporal bone

  10. 3. Omohyoid • A. Depresses hyoid & larynx • O: Central tendon attaches to clavicle & 1st rib • I: 2 bellies: • Superior- hyoid bone • Inferior- superior margin of scapula 4. Sternohyoid • A: Depresses hyoid & larynx • O: Clavicle & manubrium • I: Hyoid bone

  11. Muscles of the Neck

  12. Quiz Tomorrow! Head & Neck Muscles

  13. D. Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle 1. Trapezius • A: extends head & elevates scapula • Look up & shrugs shoulders • O: occipital bone & thoracic & cervical vertebrae • I: clavicle & scapula 2. Serratus Anterior • A: Abduction, upward rotation, protracts shoulder • O: Anterior & superior margins of ribs 1-9 • I: Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

  14. 3. Rhomboid Major/Minor • A: Adduction, downward rotation • O: • Major: Spinus processes of upper thoracic vertebra • Minor: Spinus processes of cervical vertebrae • I: Vertebral border of scapula 4. Pectoralis Minor • A: elevates ribs (breathing) & depresses shoulders • O: ribs 3-5 • I: coracoid process of scapula

  15. E. Muscles of the Shoulder & Upper Arms 1. Pectoralis Major • A: adducts & flexes humerus, rotates arms medially • O: clavicle, sternum, & costal cartilage • I: greater tubercle of humerus 2. Deltoid • A: abducts humerus • O: clavicle & scapula • I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

  16. (Rotator Cuff Muscles) 3. Supraspinatus • A: Abduction, stabilization • O: Supraspinousfossa of scapula • I: Greater tubercle of humerus 4. Infraspinatus • A: Adduction, outward rotation • O: Infraspinousfossa of scapula • I: Greater tubercle of humerus

  17. (Rotator Cuff Muscles) 5. Teres Minor • A: Adduction, outward rotation • O: Inferior angle of scapula • I: Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus 6. Subscapularis • A: Adduction, inward rotation • O: Subscapularfossa of scapula • I: Lesser tubercle of humerus

  18. 7. Teres Major • A: Adduct, inward rotation, extension • O: Inferior angle of scapula • I: Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus 8. LatissimusDorsi • A: extends, adducts, & rotates arms medially • O: spines of T7-sacrum, iliac crest, & ribs 9-12 • I: intertubercular groove of humerus

  19. 9. Biceps Brachii- “two heads” • A: flexes arm @ elbow, supinates forearm • O: scapula • I: radial tuberosity 10. Triceps Brachii- “three heads” • A: extends arm (antagonist to biceps brachii) • O: scapula & humerus • I: olecranon process of ulna

  20. 11. Coracobrachialis • A: Adduction, flexion • O: Coracoid process • I: Medial margin of shaft of humerus

  21. F. Muscles of the Forearm 1. Brachioradialis • A: flexes arm @ elbow, supinates forearm • O: lateral epicondyle of humerus • I: styloid process of ulna 2. Brachialis • A: Flexion • O: Anterior distal surface of the humerus • I: Tuberosity of ulna

  22. (mentioned previously) 3. Biceps Brachii • A: Flexion, supination • O: scapula • I: radial tuberosity 4. Triceps Brachii • A: extends arm • O: scapula & humerus • I: olecranon process of ulna

  23. G. Muscles of the Hand & Wrist 1. Flexor Carpi Radialis • A: Flexion & abducts wrist & hand • O: Medial epicondyle of humerus • I: Base of 2nd & 3rd metacarpals 2. Palmaris Longus • A: Flexion of the wrist and hand • O: Medial epicondyle of humerus • I: Palmaraponerosis & flexor retinaculum

  24. 3. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris • A: Flexion & adduction of wrist & hand • O: Medial epicondlye of humerus, medial surface of olecranon, anteromedial part of ulna • I: Pisiform & hamate bones & 5th metacarpal 4. Extensor Carpi RadialisLongus • A: Extension & abduction of wrist & hand • O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus • I: 2nd metacarpal

  25. 5. Extensor Digitorum • A: Extension of the fingers & hand • O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus • I: Posterior surfaces of phalanges 2-5 6. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris • A: Extension & adduction of wrist & hand • O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, dorsal surface of ulna • I: Base of 5th metacarpal

  26. Flexors

  27. Extensors

  28. Quiz Tomorrow Shoulder, Arm, Forearm, Wrist & Hand Muscles

  29. G. Muscles of the Abdomen 1. Rectus Abdominis • A: depresses rib cage & flexes vertebral column • O: pubic symphysis • I: costal cartilage of ribs 5-7 & xiphoid process 2. External Oblique • A: compresses abdomen, flexes vertebral column & lateral rotation • O: ribs 5-12 • I: iliac crest & linea alba

  30. 3. Internal Oblique • A: same as external oblique • O: iliac crest • I: costal cartilage of ribs 8-12 & linea alba 4. Transversus Abdominis • A: compresses abdomen • O: iliac crest & costal cartilage of ribs 7-12 • I: pubis, linea alba, & xiphoid process

  31. 3. Diaphragm- separates thoracic & abdominopelvic cavities • A: expands thorax • O: costal cartilage of ribs 7-12 & xiphoid process • I: central tendon of diaphragm

  32. Quiz Tomorrow Abdominal Muscles

  33. H. Muscles of the Hip & Thigh 1. Iliacus • A: Flexion, outward rotation • O: Iliac fossa • I: Distal femur 2. Psoas Major • A: Flexion, outward rotation • O: Anterior surfaces of vertebrae T12- L5 • I: Lesser trochanter of femur

  34. 3. Rectus Femoris (part of Quadriceps) • A: Flexion • O: Anterior inferior iliac spine & superior rim of acetabulum • I: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament 4. Sartorius • A: Flexion, outward rotation • O: Anterior, superior iliac spine • I: Medial tibia

  35. 5. Gracilis • A: Adduction • O: Inferior ramus of pubis • I: Medial surface of tibia inferior to medial condyle 6. Pectineus • A: Flexion, adduction • O: Superior ramus of pubis • I: Inferior to lesser trochanter of femur

  36. 7. Adductor Longus • A: Adduction, flexion • O: Inferior ramus of pubis • I: lineaaspera of femur 8. Gluteus Maximus • A: extends & laterally rotates thigh • O: iliac crest, sacrum, & coccyx • I: femur

  37. (Hamstrings Group) 9. Semitendinosus • A: Extension • O: Ischial tuberosity • I: Proximal, medial surface of tibia 10. Semimembranosus • A: Extension • O: Ischial tuberosity • I: Posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia

  38. (Hamstrings Group) 11. Biceps Femoris • A: Extension • O: Ischial tuberosity and lineaaspera of femur • I: Head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia

  39. 12. Tensor Fasciae Latae • A: Flexion, stabilizes knee • O: Iliac crest & anterior superior iliac spine • I: Iliotibial tract 13. Gluteus Medius • A: Abduction • O: Anterior iliac crest • I: Greater trochanter of femur

  40. I. Muscles of the Knee Joint 1. Sartorius- mentioned previously • A: Flexion 2. Gracilis- mentioned previously • A: Flexion 3. Gastrocnemius • A: Flexion • O: lateral & medial epicondyles of femur • I: calcaneus

  41. (Quadriceps Group) 4. Rectus Femoris- mentioned previously • A: Extension 5. VastusLateralis • A: Extension • O: Anterior & inferior to greater trochanter & lineaaspera • I: Tibial tuberosity

  42. (Quadriceps Group) 6. VastusMedialis • A: Extension • O: Entire length of lineaaspera of femur • I: Tibial tuberosity 7. VastusIntermedius • A: Extension • O: Anterolateral surface of femur & lineaaspera • I: Tibial tuberosity

  43. (Hamstrings Group) 8. Semitendinosis- mentioned previously • A: Flexion 9. Semimembranosus- mentioned previously • A: Flexion 10. Biceps Femoris- mentioned previously • A: Flexion

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