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The Middle Ages

The Middle Ages. Modern World History Ch. 9 S4. The Byzantine Empire. While Western Roman Empire fell, Eastern Roman Empire Survived Centered in Constantinople Linked Europe, Asia, Middle East Largest medieval European city Thrived under rule of Justinian

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The Middle Ages

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  1. The Middle Ages Modern World History Ch. 9 S4

  2. The Byzantine Empire • While Western Roman Empire fell, Eastern Roman Empire Survived • Centered in Constantinople • Linked Europe, Asia, Middle East • Largest medieval European city • Thrived under rule of Justinian • Threatened by Islamic armies & invaders, Empire lost outer lands • Byzantine Empire would rule Balkans (Greece) and Asia Minor for 800 years • Christian church becomes known as the Eastern Orthodox Church • Schism with Rome over popes • Ruled by powerful emperors who had absolute control in Empire Mosaic of Justinian, emperor of Eastern Roman Empire from 527-565

  3. Reign of Justinian • Ruled from 527-565 • Wanted to reestablish Roman Empire in entire Mediterranean. • Most important contribution was the codification of Roman law. • Simplified code of Roman laws • Basis of imperial law in ERE • Used as the basis for much of the legal system in Western Europe

  4. Byzantine Empire • Islamic forces challenged Justinian's vast empire • Provinces lost as a result • By 8th century the Eastern Roman Empire was much smaller. This area was called the Byzantine Empire

  5. Constantinople • Constantinople was medieval Europe’s greatest center of Commerce • Location made it the chief center for exchange of products between the West and East. • Many public works commissioned by Justinian. • Churches, roads, bridges, walls, ect. • Justinian's greatest achievement was the Hagia Sophia – Church of the Holy Wisdom.

  6. Hagia Sophia

  7. The Crusades • A series of 12th century holy wars between Christians & Muslims over control of The Holy Land (Palestine) • Kingdoms across Europe sent knights to fight at Popes’ requests • First Crusade successful in gaining Jerusalem, surrounding territories • Second Crusade was a total failure • Christians eventually pushed out • Third Crusade led to settlement granting free access to Jerusalem • Fourth Crusade turned into a fight over control of Constantinople Armies across Europe united in an attempt to claim the Holy Land from Muslim control

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