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The Counter-Reformation

The Counter-Reformation. By Mrs. Lauterhahn World Civilizations. Reforming the Catholic Church. Protestants weren’t the only ones unhappy with the _______ _____. So were some Catholics. Some Catholics worked on the _____ ___________: making internal changes to the Catholic Church.

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The Counter-Reformation

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  1. The Counter-Reformation By Mrs. Lauterhahn World Civilizations

  2. Reforming the Catholic Church • Protestants weren’t the only ones unhappy with the _______ _____. So were some Catholics. • Some Catholics worked on the _____ ___________: making internal changes to the Catholic Church

  3. People involved in Counter Reformation • GirolamoSavanarola – he preached about abuses of the church in the 1400’s • Called for the Church to melt ____ and ___ to pay to feed the hungry • Convinced followers to burn jewelry and trinkets in a huge fire called ______ of the _________. • Church first allowed him to work, but then excommunicated him and had him ______ in 1498. WHY??? Because the Church feared he might become too powerful (ideas were dangerous).

  4. The Jesuits • Also called the _______ of _______. • Put a new emphasis on spirituality and service • Founded in 1534 by Ignatius of Loyola (former soldier) • He ran it like the military – emphasis on obediance to the church • Emphasis on _________ – believed that mind was a powerful weapon in fight against Protestantism • This helped Catholics regain ground and lots of bloody wars between Catholics and Protestants • Lots of __________ work – people going around the world to convert others to Catholicism.

  5. Council of Trent • Idea was to redefine doctrines of the Catholic faith • Took place on and off for ___ years • Officials were led by Pope ______ III • Goals of Council: look at what _________ are complaining about in regards to Catholic Church AND simplify church teachings.

  6. Council of Trent cont’d • Church admitted cardinals and bishops were corrupt and started investigating it • Started training priests to end _______ abuse • To end financial abuse, they get rid of __________. • At the end of their meetings, they renounce __________ beliefs of individual spirituality and self-discipline

  7. Council of Trent, cont’d • Council argued that church could help believers achieve _______ by using mystery and ceremonies to inspire faith. This was consistent with the beliefs of millions of people.

  8. There is NO resolution between the 2 religious groups (____________ and __________) • The Council was successful in creating renewed interest in the _________ Church • Austria, Poland and some other European countries return to the Catholic Church • They did establish many colleges and universities in Europe by the ______’s

  9. Who Helped Carry Out the Reforms? • Charles Borromeo – he was the archbishop of ____ and built schools that were designed just to educate ________ • Frances of Sales – did missionary work and wanted to educate _______ because the women will teach their children to become better Catholics. He converted people from ______________.

  10. Women • Life before the Renaissance: • Clean • Cook • Take for children and house • NO _______, ________ or traveling • Life after the Renaissance: • Women begin to play a role in the ________ • _____ take care of children, the sick, the poor

  11. Women’s Groups • Company of St. Ursula – group of women that teach girls how to do housework, cook, healthcare (how to be a _______) • Visitation of Holy Mary – group of schools that train women to become _________ – they are teaching lower level education • Mary Ward – designed group of schools for girls. Church didn’t like this; saw her as ______ and dangerous • Teresa de Avila – decided that Church policies are too lenient so she starts the ________Order – they are very strict and live a very simple life.

  12. The Roman Inquisition • This is a ______ Court that questions people they think are breaking church laws: • Martin Luther • Protestants • Heretics • Accused _______ (people in touch with nature more than religion)

  13. Roman Inquisition cont’d • There is NO trial – they just try to make people confess to whatever they are accused of • They get them to confess through ________ • Index of __________ _____: list of books the Catholic Church says you cannot read. If you read them, you will go to ____ and lose your soul. • _________ used the Inquisition to make the point that the Catholic Church still has huge problems and didn’t change anything

  14. Religious Effects • Because of religious __________ (punishing, torturing) of religious beliefs, Protestants in Europe decide to leave Europe and go to North America (Puritans, Pilgrims, Quakers) • Different branches of ___________ are formed: • Lutheran • Anabaptist • Calvinists • Anglican • This paves the way for religious ________, especially in the United States

  15. Social Effects • Catholics and Protestants, including Martin Luther, do not like ____ and _________ • They told Muslims in Spain to convert to Christianity or leave Spain or die • Jews were confined to _______ and stripped of possessions and dignity • What are ghettos? • Many people feared that witches roamed land and killed children, cattle, worked with the _____, etc. They were tried and sentenced to death. Many innocent victims were killed.

  16. Religious Wars • 1494: King Charles VIII of France invades ______ • This begins a series of wars for control of Italy • ITALIAN WARS: • France and Spain both fought for control of Italy • England even got involved • In 1527 Charles V of Spain carried out a military event with the sack of Rome • 1559 – the Wars finally ended, but the Wars were credited with expanding the _____ ___________. HOW???

  17. Conflict Amongst the Germans • New ideas about the Renaissance moved through Germany • This made __________ aware of how unhappy they were because of high ____ and lack of ______ • Reformation preachers discussed the idea of freedom and this increased the dissent amongst the peasants. • Thousands of German peasants stormed ______ and ___________. • This Rebellion was known as the ________’s War.

  18. Peasant’s War • ______used harsh force to suppress the peasants • Martin Luther was accused of starting the riot, although he denied it, saying the peasants “rob and rage and act like ____ ______” • He refused to join the rebellion • Charles V (Holy Roman Emperor) began a holy war against Protestantism by attacking the __________ Princes in Germany

  19. This was ended by the ______ of _________ (Charles V didn’t show up) • Allowed each prince to choose the religion he wanted his subjects to practice (only choices were _________ and __________) and subjects had no choice in the matter • Paved the way for more religious unrest to come

  20. Conflicts Between Religions • France: The Huguenots (Protestant minority) fought against ____________ • Fighting ended when their leader, Henry of Navarre converted to Catholicism • Conversion led to political stability (Catholics accepted him as king) • 1598 Edict of ________granted religious freedom to Protestants

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