From Bacteria Plants to Chapter 1

1. From Bacteria Plants to Chapter 1 Section 1: What is Life?

2. Section 1: What is life?Objectives • After this lesson, you should be able to: • List the characteristics of all living things • Identify what all living things need to survive.

3. Section 1: What is Life?Vocab • 1. organismA living thing.

4. 2. cellThe basic unit of structure and function in an organism.

5. 3. unicellularA type of organism that is made up of a single cell.

6. 4. multicellularA type of organism that is made up of many cells.

7. 5. developmentThe process of change that occurs during an organism’s life to produce a more complex organism.

8. 6. stimulusA change in an organism’s surroundings that causes the organism to react.

9. 7. responseAn action or change in behavior that occurs as a result of a stimulus.

10. 8. reproduceThe production of offspring that are similar to the parents.

11. 9. spontaneous generationThe mistaken idea that living things arise from nonliving sources • Pg. 19 • Read pgs. 20-21. Exploring the Experiments of Redi and Pasteur. • Discuss variables in the two experiments.

12. 10. controlled experimentAn experiment in which all factors are identical except one.

13. 11. manipulated variableThe one factor that a scientist changes during an experiment.

14. 12. autotrophAn organism that makes its own food.

15. 13. heterotrophAn organism that cannot make its own food.

16. 14. homeostasisThe maintenance of stable internal conditions despite changes in the surroundings.

17. Notes • 1. All living things have: • A • B • C • D • E • F Cellular organization Similar chemicals Use energy Grow and develop Respond to their surroundings Reproduce

18. 2. The most abundant chemical in cells is____________________________ water

19. 3. Other chemicals in cells include: • A. • B. • C. • D. carbohydrates proteins lipids nucleic acids

20. 4. The four basic needs of all living things are: • A. • B. • C. • D. Energy Water Living space Stable internal conditions

21. From Plants to BacteriaChapter 1 Section 2: The Origin of Life

22. Section 2: The Origin of Life Objectives • After this lesson, you should be able to: • Compare the atmosphere of early Earth with today’s atmosphere • State how scientists hypothesize that life arose on early Earth

23. 15. fossilThe trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock or other substance.

24. Notes nitrogen • 1. _____________________ and _______________________ are the major gases in our present day atmosphere. oxygen

25. 2. The oldest fossil of bacteria like cells are believed to be about _____________ years old. 3.4 to 3.5 billion

26. Science Extension- we will be studying the theories on the Origins of Life! • Be there! 

27. From Plants to BacteriaChapter 1 Section 3: Classifying Organisms

28. Section 3: Classifying OrganismsObjectives • After this lesson, you should be able to: • Explain why scientists organize living things into groups. • Explain the relationship between classification and evolution. • Describe early classification systems, including that of Linnaeus • Name the seven levels of classification used by scientists.

29. 16. classificationThe process of grouping things based on their similarities.

30. 17. taxonomyThe scientific study of how living things are classified.

31. 18. binomial nomenclatureThe naming system for organisms in which each organism is given a two-part name—a genus name and a species name.

32. 19. genusA classification grouping that consists of a number of similar, closely related species. What's in a Name?

33. 20. speciesA group of similar organisms that can mate and produce fertile offspring in nature. What's in a Name?

34. 21. evolutionThe process by which species gradually change over time.

35. 22. taxonomic keyA series of paired statements that describe the physical characteristics of different organisms.

36. Notes Biologists • 1. __________________ use_________________ to _________________living things so that they are easier to study. classification organize

37. Greek scholar Aristotle • 2. _________________ was the first scientist to classify animals. He classified based on the _______________________________. appearance, behavior, and movement

38. Kingdom • 3. The 7 levels of Classification: • A. • B. • C. • D. • E. • F. • G. Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

39. Charles Darwin • 4. ____________________ first proposed the theory of evolution. Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Fpy63S05Vw

40. 5. Species with similar___________________ are classified more closely together. Evolutionary histories

41. From Plants to BacteriaChapter 1 Section 4: The Six Kingdoms

42. Section 4: The Six Kingdoms • After this lesson, you should be able to: • Name and describe the six kingdoms into which all organisms are grouped.

43. Vocab • 23. prokaryoteAn organism whose cells lack a nucleus and some other cell structures

44. 24. nucleusThe dense area in a eukaryotic cell that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that direct the cell’s activities.

45. 25. eukaryoteAn organism with cells that contain nuclei and other cell structures.

46. Notes Archaebacteria • 1. The six kingdoms of classification • A. • B. • C. • D. • E. • F. Eubacteria Protists Fungi Plants Animals

47. 2. Organisms are placed in a kingdom based on ___________________, ____________________ and ________________________. Cell type their ability to make food the number of cells in their bodies

48. Autotrough or heterotrough unicelled • 3. Fill out the chart using the six kingdoms and appropriate vocabulary terms. prokaryote Autotrough or heterotrough unicelled prokaryote Autotrough or heterotrough Unicelled or multicelled eukaryote Unicelled or multicelled heterotrough eukaryote autotrough eukaryote multicelled heterotrough multicelled eukaryote