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Opto Electronics Devices And Their Applications In Power Electronics

Presented by Khoi Tran Application Engineer Fairchild Semiconductor. Opto Electronics Devices And Their Applications In Power Electronics. Agenda. What are Optocouplers ? Where are they used ? What are their Characteristics?. What are Optocoupler?.

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Opto Electronics Devices And Their Applications In Power Electronics

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  1. Presented by Khoi Tran Application Engineer Fairchild Semiconductor Opto Electronics DevicesAnd Their ApplicationsIn Power Electronics

  2. Agenda • What are Optocouplers ? • Where are they used ? • What are their Characteristics?

  3. What are Optocoupler? • An optocoupler consists of a light source and a photosensitive detector • The light source is an infrared LED that is used to convert current to light. • The photosensitive detector is a silicon photodiode which converts the light back to current.

  4. 1 8 7 2 3 6 4 5 The Phototransistor Optocoupler • Elements • LED Source • Package • Phototransistor

  5. Co-planar Construction

  6. Double Molded Construction

  7. What are the KEY Characteristics ? • Collector Base Current Transfer ratio • CTRcb = Icb/IF • Transistor Current Gain • HFE = Ice / Icb • Current Transfer Ratio - CTRce • CTRce = Ice/IF • CTRce = CTRcb * HFE

  8. Ice vs. IF

  9. CTRcb vs LED Current

  10. Saturated Ice vs LED Current

  11. Icb vs IF

  12. Non Saturated CTR vs LED Current

  13. Saturated CTR vs Collector Current

  14. Non Saturated CTR vs Collector Current

  15. HFE vs Base Current , Ib

  16. HFE vs Collector Current

  17. Turn-OFF Time

  18. Why are they Used? • To Protects Against : • Electromagnetic Interference • High tension power lines • Noise conducted through the power lines • Electrostatic Discharge, Lightning • Digital Data Crosstalk • To Communicate Digital Data • Compatible with Logic Family or Load

  19. KEY Characteristics of the Isolator • Electro-mechanical • Relay • Switch • Electro-Optical • Optical Fiber • Emitter to Detector • Optocoupler • Capacitive • Single ended • Differential • Electro-Magnetic • Magneto resistive • Hall Effect • Transformer • Acoustic • Surface waves • Transducer - Receiver • Radio Frequency • Remote control • Microwave

  20. Optocouplers Solve the NOISE Problem

  21. “Systems” & “Approvals” • Couplers must fulfill • Safety Standards: • Fairchild Couplers are • classified in “Systems”. • A System represents the • same Technology, Material e.t.c. • and is indicated with a Capital • The System is the Indicator • for Approvals Approvals for Safety Requirements: Double Protection & Reinforced Insulation

  22. Where are they used ? • Applications • Industrial Control • Power Supply • Telecommunications • Instrumentation

  23. Switching Control Circuit Insulation and Isolation in a Switch Mode Power Supply

  24. Optical Coupled Precision Voltage Reference

  25. Comp Vin Vref Feedback Amplifier FOD2741 Composition • The FOD2741/2 consists of adjustable precision zener diode and a phototransistor optocoupler. Typical • Current gain , CTR, is 60% for an IF = 1mA, and Vce = 0.5V. • The device offers a 2.5V +- 1% bandgap reference, a 60dB (OLG) 1 MHz(BWP) differential amplifier DC Isolation Amplifier FOD2741 LED Comp Vin Comp Vin Vref Error Amplifier

  26. Feedback Amplifier Interconnection • Values of resistors and capacitors are used in the demo board supporting the KA5M0365 4 uA 0.9 mA KA5M0365 12V 5V 0.5V 2.5R – R6 R3 Vfb 680 R 470 R1,1K + C1 R2 .033uF 3.3K Voffset C2,.1uF R4,3K 2.5V FOD2741 R5, 1K

  27. Industrial Control • Interface • Sensors • Temperature • Flow • Level • Motion Systems • Pumps • Mixers • Valves • Communications • Local • Remote

  28. Applications Process Controller - Interfaces • Interfaces • Data • Motion • Sensor • Valves & Actuators

  29. ILQ620 Signal Level Detector Conditioning Logic Interface 1 - 4 Isolation Multiplexer Barrier ILQ620 SFH6700 5 - 8 Level Detector Signal To µController Logic Interface Conditioning Controller Input I / O Interface Board

  30. Isolation Barrier ILQ621 1 16 Data Signal A / D Conditioning Converter ILQ621 Control CNY17 DC / DC Converter Process Control I/O: AC/DC Signal Measurement • Parallel A / D

  31. Process Control I/O: AC/DC Signal Measurement • AC / DC Measurement Card IsolationBarrier Signal Conditioning µController SAB80C5XX SAB80C16X 1 DataOut SFH6700 Serial I/O MUX A/D Converter Control SFH6700 Signal Conditioning 16 DC/DCConverter

  32. Applications Industrial Data Communications • Isolate and • Communicate • Device Net • CAN BUS • PROFI BUS • Genius Bus • Fieldbus • Modbus • 10Base-T • RS - 232 • RS - 422 • RS - 485

  33. Application Motion Control Motor Control High Speed Couplers TRIAC Drivers Sensor Feedback High Speed Couplers

  34. IL410 Motors, relays, solenoids, lamps, heaters Motors, relays, solenoids Large motors Digital interfaces Sensor feedback Process Controller - Outputs Boards or Module Loads AC Switch—SSR TRIAC AC / DC Switch LH1485 MOSFET BUZ XX High Power DC SFH6345 Controller IGBT—BUP XX Logic SFH67XX Analog 4-20 mA IL300

  35. Can I determine the Switching Characteristics of a Phototransistor ? • YES… • By using a SPICE Simulation • By Modeling the LED to Phototransistor • GAIN & Timing performance • By Modeling the Transistor Gain • and Its Charge Storage Characteristics

  36. Phototransistor SPICE Model

  37. MOC207 PhototransistorSPICE Model • .SUBCKT OPMOC207 1 2 5 6 7 • *ANODE INPUT=1, CATHODE = 2; EMITTER OUTPUT=5 • +;COLLECTOR OUTPUT=6; base input=6 • VM 1 12 DC 0 • D1 12 2 LED • R1 10 11 250 • C1 11 0 200PF • H1 10 0 VM 2.7E-3 • G1 5 7 11 0 1.0 • Q1 6 7 5 QNPN • .MODEL LED D(IS=25E-13 RS=.55 CJO=35P N=2.0) • .MODEL QNPN NPN(IS=3.33E-11 NF=1.35 CJC=12P CJE=35P TF=1.0N • + TR=500N BF=778 BR=10 IKF=.1 VAF=100) • .ENDS OPMOC207

  38. MOC207 PhototransistorSPICE Program • X1 1 0 0 3 9 OPMOC207 • IIN 0 1 DC .001 AC .1 PULSE 0 • +10E-3 100NS 100NS 100NS 10US 40US • RL 7 3 1000 • VCC 7 0 5 • RB 9 0 100e3 • .DC IIN 0 .01 .0005 • .PLOT DC V(3) I(VCC) • .PRINT DC V(3) V(1) I(VCC) • .TRAN 25NS 40US • .PRINT TRAN V(3) I(IIN) • .PLOT TRAN V(3) I(IIN) • .OP • .END

  39. MOC207 Phototransistor Interface Schematic Vcc R2 MOC207 1 8 RL,1K 7 2 I(IIN) Rb, 100K 3 6 Output 4 5 GND2 GND1 CTRcb = 0.0027 HFE = 788

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