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The Second World War: 1939 – 1945

The Second World War: 1939 – 1945.

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The Second World War: 1939 – 1945

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  1. Self-Directed Resources for Learning The Second World War: 1939 – 1945 The Second World War was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world’s nations, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies (which included Britain) and the Axis powers (which included Germany). It began on the 1 September 1939. In a massive air war, the Luftwaffe, the German air force, began to mount assaults on British RAF (Royal Air Force) stations. By September 1940, Germany thought it had destroyed the RAF, so it proceeded to bomb London. This series of attacks on Britain's capital was known as the Blitz. Smoke rising from St Katherine Dock after the first raid of the Blitz on 7 September

  2. Self-Directed Resources for learning London During the Second World War During the Second World War London was a very dangerous and difficult place to live. There was a constant danger of German planes dropping bombs. Food was rationed. Children were evacuated to the countryside to keep them safe. By May 1941, 43,000 had been killed across Britain and 1.4 million had been made homeless. The Blitz During the Second World War German planes dropped bombs on London. This was known as the Blitz. Air raid sirens would ring to tell people that there was an incoming bomb attack and that everybody should find shelter . Other cities including Birmingham, Coventry, Plymouth, Manchester, Glasgow and Liverpool were also attacked.

  3. Self-Directed Resources for Learning Rationing Rationing was introduced at the beginning of 1940. Rationing was introduced to make sure that everyone had a fair share of the items that were hard to get hold of during the war. Food was rationed so there was a lot of competition for the best goods. Women queuing outside a green grocers Evacuation During the Second World War children were evacuated from the city to the countryside to keep them safe from German bombs. These children are evacuees on the train to their new homes in the countryside

  4. Self-Directed Resources for learning The Phoney War The first few months of the Second World War became known as the ‘Phoney War’ because there was almost no fighting and no bombs were dropped on Britain. Nevertheless, to protect the British people from danger, the government did some important things. In the First World War, gas had been used to a devastating effect. As a result, during the Second World War the government provided every man, woman and child in Britain with a gas mask to protect them if there was ever a gas attack. A child wearing a gas mask. Wartime poster

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  6. Self-Directed Resources for Learning Rubble from another air raid. You can see a bomb shelter to the left – these were to protect you from bombs

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  8. Self-Directed Resources for Learning People gathering around the remains of Bank underground station, which was destroyed in an enemy air raid during the war

  9. Self-Directed Resources for Learning The front of a building collapses after being hit by an enemy bomb

  10. Self-Directed Resources for Learning A German incendiary bomb lands in London. These were designed to start fires and to destroy sensitive equipment A German incendiary bomb

  11. Self-Directed Resources for learning Underground Stations during the Second World War During the war some underground stations became makeshift air raid shelters. Whenever the air raid siren rang, many Londoner s decided to seek refuge underground. To begin with, the government actively discouraged people from doing this, but people went down there anyway. Many people would live and sleep on the platforms, and even on the train tracks themselves (if they were switched off!) Above: Londoners sleeping in makeshift bunk beds at Swiss Cottage station Right: Londoners sheltering on the Elephant and Castle Tube station platform

  12. Self-Directed Resources for Learning Community Spirit There was lots of community spirit in London during the Second World War, people pulled together and got on with their lives. This became known as the ‘Blitz spirit’. However, the Blitz spirit may not have been as strong as often thought: there were more murders recorded in London during the Blitz than at any other period! These women are handing out tea during the Blitz

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