Drives, Memory & Networking

1. Drives, Memory& Networking Due to technology improvements, we are able to store more in smaller sized devices. This allows you to have more and more portability in an age where MOBILITY and SMALL is popular.

2. To understand and appreciate technological progress! Why does all this matter?

3. Ultrathin, Ultraportable…all because of state-of-the-art improvements in the size and capacity of memory, chips, etc.

4. Do you remember talking about what this is? (the thing being loaded off the airplane) • This is a 5 Meg Hard Disk in 1956. In 1956 IBM launched the 305 RAMAC, the first computer with a hard disk drive (HDD). The HDD weighed over a ton and stored 5 MB of data (equal to about 3 current day floppy disks). • So, start appreciating your 4 GB IPOD or memory stick (4,000 MB)!

5. Apple charges… • $1799 for the 80 GB (A) • $3098 for the 64 GB (B) • Why choose A vs. B A B

6. LEFT: 6gb Laptop Drive RIGHT: Inside view of a 3.5” (standard size) desktop hard drive

8. 1GB 3.5” Drive in 1995

9. 18GB 3.5” Drive, SCSI, 1998

10. Form Factor and Limits

11. Media: Floppy, CD and DVD • Some of this media is a one time use, like a CDR • Some is reusable like the floppy or a CD-RW or DVD-RW

12. Six hard disk drives with cases opened showing platters and heads; 8, 5.25, 3.5, 2.5, 1.8, and 1 inch disk diameters are represented.

13. Anatomy of a Hard Drive

15. 256k 1mb 8mb 64mb 64mb - Laptop Memory 512mb RAM • Manufactures have learned how to compress more and more memory into the memory sticks while also increasing the speed in which the date can be access.

16. 1GB Solid State Memory • Also known as Secure Data (SD) • No moving parts

18. Drives Die (as found at the Logon Cafe Computer Store) always have your work backed up to TWO locations.

19. Technology in 10 years. • This is 35 disks. It would take 1,000 disks to equate the computer memory picture here, or the SD card you use for the digital cameras.

20. Storage SPACE has increased, but so have FILE sizes. • 10 years ago, Adobe Premiere would fit on 5 floppy disks. Today, it takes a DVD with OVER 4,000MB (4.16gb)

21. Problem • Larger, higher res pictures and video are great. But the infrastructure (i.e. networking) has not kept up. • Improvements have included the exchange of Copper Wire networking to Fiber Optic • A glass fiber designed to guide light along its length by confining as much light as possible in a propagating form.

22. Networking Fundamentals • After this lesson, you will be able to: • Define a computer network. • Discuss advantages of using a network. • Describe a local area network (LAN) and a wide area • network (WAN). • Identify the primary difference between a LAN and a • WAN

23. What Is a Network? A system in which a number of independent computers are linked together to share data and peripherals, such as hard disks and printers The key word in the definition is "share.“ Sharing is the purpose of computer networking. The ability to share information efficiently is what gives computer networking its power and its appeal. Stand-alone environment

24. Why Use a Computer Network? • Sharing information (or data) • Sharing hardware and software • Centralizing administration and support Computer networking arose as an answer to the need to share data in a timely fashion.

25. Network Computers share: • Documents (memos, spreadsheets, invoices, and so on). • E-mail messages. • Word-processing software. • Project-tracking software. • Illustrations, photographs, videos, and audio files. • Live audio and video broadcasts. • Printers. • Fax machines. • Modems. • CD-ROM drives and other removable drives, such as • Zip and Jaz drives. • Hard drives.

26. Sharing Information The ability to share information quickly and inexpensively has proven to be one of the most popular uses of networking technology. It has been reported that e-mail is by far the number-one activity of people who use the Internet. Many businesses have invested in networks specifically to take advantage of network-based e-mail and scheduling programs.

27. Sharing Hardware and Software Before the advent of networks, computer users needed their own printers, plotters, and other peripherals

28. Sharing a printer Networks make it possible for several people to share data and peripherals simultaneously. If many people need to use a printer, they can all use the printer available on the network.

29. Types of Networks A local area network(LAN) is the basic building block of any computer network. A LAN can range from simple (two computers connected by a cable) to complex (hundreds of connected computers and peripherals throughout a major corporation). The distinguishing feature of a LAN is that it is confined to a limited geographic area.

30. Types of Networks A wide area network (WAN) has no geographical limit. It can connect computers and other devices on opposite sides of the world. A WAN is made up of a number of interconnected LANs. Perhaps the ultimate WAN is the Internet.

31. LAN vs. WAN • Local Area Network vs. • Wide Area Network • A group of computers linked physically by a network of communication cables • The difference is muddled these days because of wireless networking and the vast number of networks. • For example, does the WB LAN end with WB, or is all of BISD the WAN.

32. Lesson Checkup • What is a computer network? • What are three advantages of using a computer network? • Give two examples of a LAN configuration. • Give two examples of a WAN configuration.

33. Networking Fundamentals • After this lesson, you will be able to: • Identify a peer-to-peer network • Identify a server-based network • Identify different types of topologies • Identify different types of transmission media

34. Re-cap benefits of a Network? • Sharing information (or data) • Sharing hardware and software • Centralizing administration and support

35. Network Categories • Networks are divided into 2 broad categories: • Peer-to-peer networks: there are no dedicated servers, and there is no hierarchy among the computers. All the computers are equal and therefore are known as peers. Each computer functions as both a client and a server, and there is no administrator responsible for the entire network. The user at each computer determines what data on that computer is shared on the network.

36. Network Categories Peer-to-peer network

37. Network Categories • Server-based network • In an environment with more than 10 users, most networks have dedicated servers. A dedicated server is one that functions only as a server and is not used as a client or workstation. Servers are described as "dedicated" because they are not themselves clients, and because they are optimized to service requests from network clients quickly and to ensure the security of files and directories. Server-based networks have become the standard models for networking.

38. Network Categories Server-based network

39. Peer-to-Peer Network Server-Based Network Good for 10 or fewer computers Limited only by server and network hardware Security established by the user of each computer Extensive and consistent resource and user security Individual users responsible for their own administration; no full-time administrator necessary Centrally located for network control; requires at least one knowledgeable administrator Comparison of Network Categories

40. Network Topology The term topology, or more specifically, network topology, refers to the arrangement or physical layout of computers, cables, and other components on the network.

41. Network Topology All network designs stem from four basic topologies: Bus Star Ring Mesh

42. Bus Topology The bus topology is often referred to as a "linear bus" because the computers are connected in a straight line. This is the simplest and most common method of networking computers.

43. Star Topology The star network offers the advantage of centralized resources and management. However, because each computer is connected to a central point, this topology requires a great deal of cable in a large network installation. Also, if the central point fails, the entire network goes down.

44. Ring Topology The ring topology connects computers on a single circle of cable. Unlike the bus topology, there are no terminated ends. The signals travel around the loop in one direction and pass through each computer. The failure of one computer can have an impact on the entire network.

45. Mesh Topology A mesh topology network offers superior redundancy and reliability. In a mesh topology, each computer is connected to every other computer by separate cabling. If one cable fails, another will take over the traffic. While ease of troubleshooting and increased reliability are definite pluses, these networks are expensive to install because they use a lot of cabling.

46. Transmission Media • Coaxial cable • Twisted-pair • Fiber-optic cable • Wireless

47. Summary • Identify a peer-to-peer network • Identify a server-based network • Identify different types of topologies • Identify different types of transmission media