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John Locke

John Locke. By Anjelica Short, Lea Fuscaldo, & Alexandra Boden. Biography. Born August 29, 1632 in Somerset, Engand Raised in Pensford Family = Anglican-Puritan Educated in West Mininister School + later @ Christ Church, Oxford Oxford = curriculum unaltered by Puritan reforms

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John Locke

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  1. John Locke By Anjelica Short, Lea Fuscaldo, & Alexandra Boden

  2. Biography • Born August 29, 1632 in Somerset, Engand • Raised in Pensford • Family = Anglican-Puritan • Educated in West Mininister School + later @ Christ Church, Oxford • Oxford = curriculum unaltered by Puritan reforms • 1666 - met Lord Ashley • Locke helped him write constitution of Carolina • Died @ age 72

  3. Lord Ashley • Aggressive politician • Many enemies • Views: • Constitutional monarchy • Protestant succession • Civil liberty • Religious tolerance • Parliament rule • Economic expansion

  4. Education • West Minister School • Studied: • Latin • Greek • Arabic • Hebrew • Received a scholarship to Christ Church, Oxford

  5. Education cont’d • Oxford • Studied • Rhetoric • Grammar • Moral philosophy • Geometry • Greek • Studied mostly outside of school • Interested in science and medicine

  6. Publications and Writing • 1690- “Two Treatsies of Government” • » about social contract theory of gov’t • 1690- “An Essay Concerning Human Understanding” » on origins of human knowledge • 1693- “Some Thoughts Concerning Education” » Rewards and punishment = motivation

  7. {Philosophy} • Golden Rule • Liberalism • Natural rights • Government by consent of governed • Social contracts • Limited state • Private property • People = property of of God » all = equal • No suicide • No murder • No maiming • Etc.

  8. {Philosophy} • Slaves = can only be an opposing aggressor in war • Slavery = compact for obedience and limited power in return for extended life • State of war = only possible when someone proposes to violate someone else’s rights » one innocent party and one unjust aggressor • Only way to be victorious = kill or enslave aggressor

  9. {Political Theories} esp. regarding gov’t The sole purpose of government is to keep justice and protect the rights of the governed; they only have power by consent of the governed • Governed have a say in government • If the government is unjust » people have right to rebel/overthrow • Secular

  10. Locke’s Influence • Declaration of Independence • “…all men are created equal” • “…unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness…” • “…[governments derive] their powers from the consent of the governed…” • “…Right of the People to abolish it, and to institute a new Government…” “…it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off [a corrupt government]…” • Secular government • Capitalist democracy • Constitution

  11. Works Cited • Cranston, Maurice W. "John Locke." ABC-CLIO. 2009. Web. 8 Oct. 2009. <http://www.worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=22&entryid=314923&searchtext=john+locke&type=simple&option=all>. • Kemberling, Garth. "John Locke." Philosophy Pages. Britannica, 27 Oct. 2001. Web. 8 Oct. 2009. <http://www.philosophypages.com>. • King, Peter J. "Life and Work." Philosophers. Peter J King, Aug. 1995. Web. 8 Oct. 2009. <http://users.ox.ac.uk/~worc0337/authors/john.locke.html>. • "Locke, John." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica 2009 Student and Home Edition. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, 2009. • Sheldon, Garret W. "John Locke." Facts on file. American History Online, 2001. Web. 8 Oct. 2009. <www.fofweb.com>. • Uzgalis, Willam. "John Locke." Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 2007. Web. 8 Oct. 2009. <http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/locke/#EndLocLif168>.

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