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Charge Exchange injection in BNL AGS

Charge Exchange injection in BNL AGS. 1962-66 Budker , Dimov , Dudnikov , Novosibirsk ; first achievements of charge exchan ge method. 1972: First suggested for AGS ( by A. Maschke ) 1982: Brought into operation in AGS.

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Charge Exchange injection in BNL AGS

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  1. Charge Exchange injection in BNL AGS • 1962-66 Budker, Dimov, Dudnikov, Novosibirsk ; • first achievements of charge exchangemethod 1972: First suggested for AGS ( by A. Maschke) 1982: Brought into operation in AGS. D.S. Barton, L. Alhrens, E. Gill, J.W. Glenn, R.K. Reece and R.L. Witkover (Courtesy of W.Wang) with H- injection 100 times radiation reduction !! New intensity records in AGS were reached soon after commissioning of the ChEx system

  2. Charge Exchange injection in AGS Booster New Booster ring (1992) : overcoming the AGS space charge limit by increasing the AGS injection energy (1.9 GeV->22 GeV) 200 MeV H- from linac ,350 ms pulse (Booster Trev = 1 ms) ChEx injection: -Minimized injection losses -Achieved highest density allowed by space charge limit

  3. Electron cloud in RHIC • 1962-66 Budker, Dimov, Dudnikov,Novosibirsk ; discovery and exploration of e-p instability As the beam intensity in RHIC has been increasing (in earlier 2000s) beyond the design values the accumulation of electron cloud and associated effects started to limit RHIC beam intensities EC showed itself when: -going to higher bunch repetition rate (9 MHz) -shortening of the bunches happens: ion transition; proton injection; re-bucketing to higher frequency RF system at the store Dynamic pressure rise in warm sections (including interaction region sections) Proton emittance growth at the injection energy (Courtesy of W.Fischer)

  4. Electron cloud instability in RHIC • 1962-66 Budker, Dimov, Dudnikov, Novosibirsk ; discovery and exploration of e-p instability 2005- Accumulated EC causes the Au ion instability near transition energy As the electrons are accumulated along the ion bunch train later bunches in the train are affected by instability. One of the limiting factors for the heavy ion beam intensity in RHIC.

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