Five faces and one vase, can you find them all?

1. Five faces and one vase, can you find them all?

3. Before Reading_1 Q1:Which one does not belong with the other two? Why? Q2: Do you think it’s important to develop students’ ability to see things in fresh ways? Why or why not? BACK

4. Contents Exercises&Assignment ◆ Vocabulary exercises ◆ Grammar exercises ◆ Translation exercises ◆ Exercises for integrated skills ◆ Writing practice ◆ Listening drills ◆Assignment Text Analysis • General comprehension and Structural analysis of the text • ◆ Global Reading • Text appreciation • (Words, expressions , sentence paraphrase) • ◆ Genre of writing • Writing technique Lead-in Activities ◆Warming-up questions ◆ Words and phrases

5. fruitful : adj. “-ful” : 表名词 “充满时的量” “-ful” :具有…性质的 careful doubtful shameful useful hopeful mouthful:一口之量 handful spoonful dishful

6. refocus : vt. “re-” + v. 重新 readjust rename redefine reframe rearrange reassure

7. outdo: vt. 比某人做得多或做得好，超过 “out-”外、出 “out-”超过，胜过 outdoor outflow外流 outlet出口 outburst outbreak outdo outlive 比(某人)长寿 outeat 吃得比…多outnumber 数量多于; 比…多

8. “out-”过度，太甚 “out-”除去 outsize 特大号 outsit 坐的太久 outwear 穿旧，穿破 outroot 除根 outlaw 剥夺法律权利

9. definitely : adv. de fin ite ly fin = end, boundary 结束;范围 finish final define = de (加强) + fin + e (v.) definition (n.) 定义 definite = de + fin + ite (有…性质的) (adj.) : clear, not doubtful 清楚的,明确的 definitely : clearly, undoubtedly 限定, 下定义

10. I want a definite answer, “yes” or “no”. She states her views very definitely. in a definite manner That is definitely correct. certainly, undoubtedly -“Are you coming?” - “Definitely!” (certainly; yes)

11. quest : n. act of seeking sth. ; search or pursuit quest for sth. : the quest for gold, knowledge, happiness in quest of sth. : trying to find sth.; seek sth. She had come in quest of advice. question

12. contract :v. 反 expand 1) become smaller , narrower shorter Metals contract as they get cooler. Our business has contracted a lot recently. 2) sign a contract in which you agree formally that you will do sth. or sb. will do sth. for you Having contracted with them to do the repairs, we cannot withdraw now. 译: 我们已经与一家公司就供应燃料一事签定了合同。 We have contracted with a firm for the supply of fuel.

13. contracted with sb. for sth. 3) get or develop (an illness) contract a disease contract a cold contract bad habits 染上恶习

14. access: n. 1) the way you use to enter a building or reach a place • The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. 2) opportunity or right to enter a place, use sth. , see sb, etc. -Students must have access to good books. 译:只有教授才有权利进入那个实验室。 -Only professors have access to that lab.

15. pun: n. Humorous use of a word that has two meanings or of different words that sound the same He is not a grave man until he is a grave man. What stays hot even if put in a refrigerator? How do we know the ocean is friendly? Pepper. It waves.

16. Ⅳ.Enriching Your Word Power • n.+ V-ed • handmade furniture • bloodshot eyes • a weather-beaten face • heartfelt thanks

17. a snow-covered mountain a state-run factory a wind-swept hillside enemy-occupied areas

18. 2. n. + V-ing peace-loving people labor-saving devices a paper-cutting machine a fund-raising committee

19. a man-eating society a record-breaking high jump a fact-finding visit a tone-setting speech

20. Ⅴ.Usage • Is John _______________ (他家最小的孩子) • There are dozens of restaurants in the town, but this is ____________. • -Which flat will your rent? • -__________. • 4. Ten desperate criminals were arrested • last night,_______________ (最危险的罪犯)being a guy nicknamed Bloody Jim. the youngest in his family the cheapest here The smallest the most dangerous

21. 5. A school for __________________ (聋子和盲人) is to be built in this area next year. 6. ____________________ (所有伤病员) need special care. 7. __________________________(受雇者和失业者), taken together, make up the labor force. 8. In my opinion,__________ (幸福的人) are those with both a sound body and a sound soul. 9. Needless to say, we place our hopes on ________ (青年). 10. _________________ (聪明人) can learn new things quickly and understand complicated problems. the deaf and the blind All the sick and wounded The employed and the unemployed happy people the young Intelligent people

22. Free Talk

23. Unit Two Fruitful Questions

24. Part Division of the Text Globe Reading_1 Main Ideas Parts Paragraphs The author’s children teach him about paradigm shifts. 1 1 ~5 Three examples of shifting old paradigms in history. 6~8 2 The importance of shifting old paradigms. 3 9 ~12 The author encourages people to look at information in a new way. 13 4

25. Useful Expressions 1. 直线型思维 linear thinking 2. 改变模式 shift paradigms After Reading_2.1 3. 重新审视相关因素 refocus parameters 4. 给出非常自以为是的答案 deliver one’s smug answer 5. 与某人争论 argue with sb. 6. 地球中心学 an Earth-centered system 7. 寻求；追索 quest for 8. 暴露于…… be exposed to… 9. （给人）接种疫苗 vaccinate sb. against… 10. 感染（疾病） contract (a disease) bring up 11. 提出；使注意 instant access to 12. 快速获得 13. 不断增长的 ever-growing

26. Part 1 Questions: • What were the author and his children playing that night? • What was the question the father put to his children? “What Doesn’t Belong?” based on the Sesame Street game. What doesn’t belong, an orange, a tomato or a strawberry?

27. Part 1 Questions: • 3. What was the oldest child’s answer to the question? And what did the father think of his answer? • 4. What answers did his 4-year-old and his 6-year-old children give? The oldest child’s answer was that tomato doesn’t belong because it was not fruit and his father thought it was a right answer. His 4-year-old chose strawberry because the other two were round and strawberry wasn’t, while the 6-year-old believed that orange didn’t belong because the other two were red.

28. Article_S James Sollisch describes how his children’s ability to see things in fresh ways opened his own eyes to the nature of creative thinking.

29. Fruitful Questions James Sollisch 1.The other night at the dinner table, my three kids—ages 9,6 and 4—took time out from their food fight to teach me about paradigm shifts, and limitations of linear thinking and how to refocus parameters. 2.Here’s how it happened: We were playing our own oral version of the Sesame Street game, “What Doesn’t Belong?,” where kids look at three pictures and choose the one that doesn’t fit. I said, “OK, what doesn’t belong, an orange, a tomato or a strawberry?” Article1-2_S

30. Sesame Street Before Reading_3 An educational American children’s television series designed for preschoolers. It combines education and entertainment in children’s television shows.

31. belong: vi. be a member of a group or organization; be related to sth. or form part of it; if sth. belongs to someone, they own it Which club do you belong to? The properties belong to my aunt now. Collocations: belong to 属于……；是……的成员 belong in 归类于；应该在某处

32. deliver sth. to sb. deliver a speech 3.The oldest didn’t take more than a second to deliver his smug answer: “Tomato because the other two are fruits.” I agreed that this was the right answer despite the fact that some purists insist a tomato is a fruit. To those of us forced as kids to eat them in salads, tomatoes will always be vegetables. I was about to think up another set of three when my 4-year-old said, “The right answer is strawberry because the other two are round and a strawberry isn’t.” How could I argue with that? 4.Then my 6-year-old said, “It’s the orange because the other two are red.” Not to be outdoneby his younger siblings, the 9-year-old said, “It could also be the orange because the other two grow on vines.” 5.The middle one took this as a direct challenge. “It could be the strawberry because it’s the only one you put on ice cream.” Article3-5_S

33. 1. What is the grammatical function of “forced as kids to eat them in salads”? Paraphrase the sentence. It is a past participle modifying “those of us”. To those of us (who were) forced to eat tomatoes in salads during childhood, they surely belong to vegetables. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 对我们这些从小就被迫吃拌在色拉里的西红柿的人来说，西红柿永远是蔬菜。

34. think up: produce sth. by thought ; invent or devise sth. 想出 Can’t you think up a better excuse than that?

35. outdo: v. be better or more successful than someone else at doing sth. She determined to outdo her brother at work and games. out 通常放在名词的前面表示“外面”或“外部”的意思。E.g.： She did her washing in one of the outhouses. outdoor ; outside out 通常放在动词的前面表示“超过”或“超越”的意思。E.g.： Women in this age group outnumber men by three to one. outlive ; outrun ; outweigh

36. argue, debate, dispute & discuss 这些动词都可表示“辩论，争论，说理”之意。 argue指提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护， 着重说理、论证和企图说服。 debate侧重指意见等对立的双方之间正式或公开的争辩。 dispute侧重对分歧进行激烈或热烈的争论或争辩，带一定感情色 彩，常隐含“各持已见”或“争论不休”意味。 discuss 最常用词，指就某一或某些问题表明观点、看法等，以便统 一认识，解决问题。 debated • The House of Commons ________the proposal for three weeks. • His latest book ___________ the problems of the disabled. • The minister _______ that cuts in military spending were needed. • Whether his new method will work is still _______ . discusses argued disputed

37. 6.Something was definitely happening here. It was messier than a food fight and much more important than whether a tomato is a fruit or vegetable. My kids were doing what Copernicus did when he placed the sun at the center of the universe, readjusting the centuries-old paradigm of an Earth-centered system. They were doing what Reuben Mattus did when he renamed his Bronx ice cream Häagen-Dazs and raised the price without changing the product. They were doing what Edward Jenner did when he discovered a vaccination for smallpox by abandoning his quest for a cure. Article6_S Fill in the table

38. Table Completion Globe Reading.2_2_1 Names Examples He placed the sun at the center of the universe, readjusting the centuries-old paradigm of Earth-centered system. Copernicus He renamed his Bronx ice cream Häagen-Dazs and raised the price without changing the product. Reuben Mattus He discovered a vaccination for smallpox by abandoning his quest for a cure. Edward Jenner

39. Nicholas Copernicus Copernicus was a Polish astronomer and mathematician who held the view that the Earth and the other planets all travel in circles around the Sun. In 1530, Copernicus completed and gave to the world his great work De Revolutionibus, which asserted that the earth rotated on its axis (地轴线) once daily and traveled around the sun once yearly. Not welcomed by the church, it was not published until 1543. Copernicus died on May 24, 1543.

40. The Copernicus Universe

41. Häagen-Dazs and Reuben Mattus Before Reading_5 To produce the finest ice cream available, Häagen-Dazsinsisted on using only the finest, purest ingredients.

42. Edward Jenner In the eighteenth century, before Jenner, smallpox was a killer disease, as widespread as cancer or heart diseases in the twentieth century but with the difference that the majority of its victims were infants and young children. Edward Jenner pioneered vaccination. Jenner’s discovery in 1796 that vaccination with cowpox gave immunity (免疫) to smallpox, was an immense medical breakthrough and has saved countless lives. In 1980, as a result of Jenner’s discovery, the World Health Assembly officially declared “the world and its peoples” free from endemic smallpox.

43. 1. What can we infer from the sentence? We can infer from the sentence that the game is not as simple as it appears. It inspires us to think more behind the game itself. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 这事儿比争抢食物还乱，比西红柿是水果还是蔬菜重要得多。

44. abandon, discard, leave & give up “抛弃、放弃” abandon强调永远或完全放弃或抛弃人或事物等，这可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。 discard着重指抛弃不再需要或追求的东西。 leave 普通用词，指舍弃某事或某一职业，或终止同一某人的关系，但不涉及动机与后果。 give up普通用语，侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃。 Fill in the blanks with the four words above. Change the form where necessary. • Father repaired the toy that I had ___________. • The student was just about to __________ the question, when suddenly he found the answer. • The cruel man __________ his wife and children. • She _________ music to study engineering. discarded give up abandoned left

45. 7.Instead of studying people who were sick with smallpox, he began to study people who were exposed to it but never got sick. He found that they’d all contracted a similar but milder disease, cow pox, which vaccinated them against the deadly smallpox. 8.They were refocusing the parameters. They were redefining the problems. They were reframing the questions. In short, they were doing what every scientist who’s ever made an important discovery throughout history has done, according to Thomas Kuhn, in his book, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions: They were shifting old paradigms. Article7-8_S

46. expose: v. ex(向外) + pos(放) + e 1) uncover or make (sth.) visible; display When she smiled she exposed a set of perfect white teeth. 2) put someone in a situation where they are not protected from sth. dangerous or unpleasant Soldiers were exposed to the enemy’s gunfire. expose one’s skin to the sun 使皮肤暴露于阳光下 expose oneself to the wind and rain 经历风吹雨打 3) show the truth about sb. or sth. , especially when it is bad expose a crime 揭露一宗罪行 expose a film 使一卷胶卷曝光

47. mild: adj. 1) a mild person has a gentle character and does not easily get angry She is a very mild-mannered person. He has too mild a nature to get angry, even if he has good reason. 2) (of weather) fairly warm 今年冬天不太冷。 It’s been a mild winter this year. 3) (of food) not very strong or hot-tasting People in the north like to eat hot food, while people in the south tend to eat milder food. 4) a mild illness or health problem is not serious He suffered a mild heart attack.

48. vaccinate: v.protect sb. (against a disease) by injecting a vaccine 接种疫苗 You should have your dog vaccinated against rabies (狂犬病). He has had his vaccination against typhoid (伤寒). Pattern: vaccinate sb. against sth.给某人接种疫苗以防止

49. Article9-10_S 9.But if this had been a workbook exercise in school, every kid who didn’t circle tomato would have been marked wrong. Every kid who framed the question differently than “Which is not a fruit?” would have been wrong.Maybe that explains why so many of the world’s most brilliant scientists and inventors were failures in school, the most notable being Albert Einstein, who was perhaps this century’s most potent paradigm-shifter. 10.This is not meant tobe a critique of schools. Lord knows, that’s easy enough to do. This is, instead, a reminder that there are real limits to the value of information. I bring this up because we seem to be at a point in the evolution of our society (where everyone is clamoring for more technology, for instant access to ever-growing bodies of information).

50. be meant to do sth. (1). be intended to do sth.意在做某事 (2). be supposed to do sth. （尤指因某人的吩咐或根据职责）应该做某事 Exercise VI Structure-2 • .An officer is meant to set a good example to his men. • 5).This experiment is meant to test a new theory recently proposed by some American scientists.