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Starter. Photosynthesis. Photosynthesis. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts and involves a series of enzyme controlled reactions that convert carbon dioxide, water and light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. carbon

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Starter

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  1. Starter

  2. Photosynthesis

  3. Photosynthesis • Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts and involves a series of enzyme controlled reactions that convert carbon dioxide, water and light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. carbon dioxide water glucose oxygen water 6CO2 + 12H2O light energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

  4. Photosynthesis • The glucose produced is often converted into other carbohydrates (such as sucrose or starch) for storage. • There are two phases involved : • Light reactions • Dark reactions

  5. Chloroplast Structure

  6. Light Phase (Light Dependent Reactions) • This stage requires light and takes place in the thylakoid membranes as it depends on the embedded chlorophyll.

  7. Light Phase (Light Dependent Reactions) • In this stage the chlorophyll absorbs the energy of light and uses it to do two things: • Split water into hydrogen, which goes to the carrier molecule NADP and changes in to NADPH, and oxygen, which is released as waste.

  8. Light Phase (Light Dependent Reactions) • Use some energy to charge ADP to ATP. • Now these two things – hydrogen as NADPH and ATP – move to the stroma for the Calvin cycle.

  9. Dark Phase (Light Independent Reactions) • Begins with carbon dioxide being captured from the air, and fixed into a molecule (carbon dioxide fixation). • The Calvin cycle then reduces the fixed carbon with the hydrogen from NADPH (changing it back to NADP and using the ATP).

  10. Dark Phase (Light Independent Reactions) • This is a cycle, so the original molecules that fixed the carbon dioxide are reformed to fix more CO2.

  11. Water CO2 Sunlight NADP+ ADP Calvin Cycle Light Reactions ATP NADPH Light Phase Dark Phase C6H12O6 O2

  12. Photosynthesis • The glucose formed is turned into insoluble starch. • During the night the starch is changed back into sugar and is transported down the phloem to other parts of the plant to be stored. • The end products can also be turned into lipids or proteins.

  13. Photosynthesis Rate of Photosynthesis Rate of Respiration Day Night

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