Online Orientation

1. Online Orientation Division of Laboratory Animal Medicine

2. Training Goal To educate new DLAM employees on the environmental, health and safety issues associated with employment at the University.

3. The Department of Environment, Health & Safety (EHS) • Mission Statement: • We support the University’s core mission of teaching, research, and service by providing comprehensive environmental, health, and safety services to the University community including: • Education through training and consultation • Maintaining a safe work environment • Ensuring regulatory compliance • Controlling recognized health and safety hazards • To achieve this mission we must rely on the Division of Laboratory Animal Medicine employees to understand and recognize safety policy and procedures.

4. Purpose and Responsibility of EHS • EHS is responsible for developing and maintaining a comprehensive program to comply with the following agencies and regulations: • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) • NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR) • Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organization (JCAHO) • NC Radiation Protection Section (NCRPS) • Office of State Personnel (OSP) • NC Fire Prevention Codes • NFPA 101 Life Safety Codes • NC Medical Waste Policy • EHS performs periodic inspections of UNC-CH facilities to identify problem areas and to assist departments in identifying needs • EHS staff is also available for consultation on recognized or suspected hazardous conditions.

5. Sections of EHS • EHS provides comprehensive support for the University community in the areas of environmental compliance and occupational health and safety. • To learn more about each section, click on the buttons below:

6. Workplace Safety Program • According to University policy and North Carolina General Statute Article 63, each state agency must have a written Health and Safety program with clearly stated goals or objectives that promote safe and healthful working conditions. • The Environment, Health and Safety Manual along with other specific manuals, such as Biological, Laboratory and Radiation SafetyManuals serve as the University’s written Health and Safety program. • These manuals provide University employees with the necessary guidance in maintaining a safe work environment. Each of these manuals can be viewed in more detail by selecting “Manuals” from the EHS web site.

7. Elements of Workplace Safety Program • Conduct new employee training to help with the identification of and correction of hazards. • Review workplace incidents and develop ways to eliminate or minimize hazards. • Employee input through safety committees.

8. Workplace Safety Committees • Duties and Responsibilities: • Perform workplace inspections • Review injury and illness records • Make advisory recommendations to the administration through committee structure shown • Perform other functions determined by the State Personnel Commission • UNC employees should contact EHS or any committee member regarding safety concerns • The Hazards Management Safety Committee oversees issues related to DLAM employees • Two representatives from DLAM sit on this committee • If you are interested in serving on one of the committees please feel free to contact the EHS office at (919) 962-5507.

9. Investigations • Request for Special Safety Investigation • The Occupational Safety and Health Act of North Carolina provides that employees may request an inspection or evaluation of conditions which they believe may constitute a health or safety hazard. • University employees are encouraged to request a “Special Investigation” into the need for corrective action by contacting EHS at (919) 962-5507. • Employees are also guaranteed the right to request an inspection from the State Department of Labor (1-800-LABOR NC) by giving notice to them of a violation of a safety or health standard that he/she believes threatens physical harm or constitutes immediate danger. • The rights of an employee in reporting complaints of matters affecting environment, health and safety shall be exercised without retaliation on the part of any other person. • Anonymous Investigations • Persons requesting aninspection by EHS may request confidentiality and, by law, their name will not appear on any record published, released, or made available to the public or to the immediate supervisor or department head.

10. Fire Safety Program • UNC’s Fire Safety program is based on NFPA 101 Life Safety Code, N.C. Fire Prevention Code, and OSHA 1910 Subpart E. • Understanding fire safety is the key to an effective fire protection program for the University. • Regularly inspect your work area for the following: • Electrical hazards • Storage in hallways • Blocked exit ways • Adequate lighting of exits • General housekeeping • Inspecting your work area can prevent a fire from occurring and provide employees with a safe passage in the event of a fire. • Report any fire hazards or other safety concerns immediately to the department of Environment, Health and Safety at (919) 962-5507.

11. Egress • If a fire or other emergency occurs in your building, employees must know two Means of Egress (exit). • OSHA defines Means of Egress as “A continuous and unobstructed way of exit travel from any point in a building or structure to a public way.” • The three main components of Means of Egress are: • The way of Exit Access • The Exit • The way of Exit Discharge

12. Components of Egress Exit Access is the area in which an employee uses as their means of exiting to an exit. Exit Discharge is the exit from a building to a public way. Exit is the protected way of travel to the exit discharge.

13. Emergency Action Plan • EHS has a general Emergency Action Plan for the University to follow • An Emergency Action Plan is a “plan for the workplace describing what procedures the employers and employees must take to ensure employee safety from fire and other emergencies”. • This plan includes the following: • Posting of planned evacuation routes • Procedures to follow in the event of a fire or emergency • Procedures to account for employees after evacuation • Procedures for employees who remain to operate critical equipment in an emergency

14. Building Evacuation Procedures • Building evacuation procedures should be posted on the office bulletin board and at all elevators. • Employees should know at least two evacuation routes for their designated work area and in any area they frequent often. • Employees are encouraged to evaluate the building evacuation areas daily to ensure that there are no obstructions. • If obstructions are found, please report it to EHS immediately at (919) 962-5507.

15. Fire Emergency Procedures • If a fire emergency occurs in your workplace, it is vital that you are prepared to react. • The acronym RACE provides the basic steps of the Emergency Action Plan: • Remove or rescue individuals in immediate danger • Activate the nearest fire pull station and call 911 • Confine the fire by closing windows, vents and doors • Evacuate to a safe area (know the evacuation routes for your area)

16. Emergency Coordinators • Emergency Coordinator(s) have been designated for all occupied buildings. • Each EC is responsible for assisting in the safe evacuation of employees. • Prior to an emergency, the EC completes an information card that includes: • Evacuation monitors’ names • Employee names and phone numbers occupying building • Location of employees needing assistance • Rooms containing hazardous material • Equipment needing special attention • To obtain the name of your building’s Emergency Coordinator contact the Fire Safety section at EHS at (919) 962-5507.

17. Fire Extinguishers • Extinguishing a fire requires the appropriate determination of which type of fire extinguisher to use. There are three classes of fire extinguishers to choose from: • Class BA fire extinguisher labeled with letter "B" is for use on Class B fires. Class B fires are fires that involve flammable and combustible liquids such as gasoline, alcohol, diesel oil, oil-based paints, lacquers, etc., and flammable gases. • Class CA fire extinguisher labeled with letter "C" is for use on Class C fires. Class C fires are fires that involve energized electrical equipment. • Class DA fire extinguisher labeled with letter "D" is for use on Class D fires. Class D fires are fires that involve combustible metals such as magnesium, titanium and sodium. • DLAM areas are equipped with ABC type extinguishers. • Fire Extinguisher Maintenance • Insure the extinguisher is located in its proper location, properly located in plain view and its access is unobstructed. • Lab personal should ensure monthly that the pressure gage pointer (ABC type only) is within the green operable pressure range. • Ensure safety pin and inspection tamper seal are in place. • Annual hands-on fire extinguisher training is not required for DLAM employees but can be requested by contacting EHS at (919) 962-5507.

18. Using the Fire Extinguisher • The acronym PASS will assist in remembering the proper use of a fire extinguisher: • Pull the pin between the handles • Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire • Squeeze the handles together • Sweep the extinguisher from side to side • Stand six to eight feet away from the fire with your back to the exit. • If the fire does not begin to immediately go out, evacuate the area.

19. Fire Prevention • Electrical Hazards include the following: • Defective outlets • Broken plugs and frayed cords • Plugs with missing ground prongs • Missing covers on junction boxes • Missing covers on wall receptacles • Use of electrical “octopuses” to obtain more outlets • Do not use extension cords through doorways or in place of permanent wiring • Make sure all electrical outlets are covered before spraying room or floors with water based cleaners/disinfectant

20. Workers Compensation Program • Workers Compensation benefits are available to any University employee (whether full-time, part-time or temporary) who suffers disability through accident or illness arising out of, and in the scope of, his or her employment, according to the North Carolina Workers Compensation Act. • The benefits provided to University Employees include medical and leave: • Medical Benefits – include all authorized medical services such as physician visit, prescriptions, physical therapy, rehabilitation, etc. • Leave Benefits – are provided to employees when an authorized medical provider places an employee out work. • For further information concerning University policies on workplace injuries and illnesses, refer to the Workers Compensation section on the EHS web site.

21. Medical Treatment • If you have an occupational injury or illness report directly to the University Employee Occupational Health Clinic (UEOHC). • The UEOHC is located at 145 Medical Drive and is open from 8:30am to 4:30pm Monday through Friday, except holidays. • For after hours needlestick/human blood or body fluid exposures, please call UEOHC at 966-9119. The UEOHC line will automatically forward your call to Healthlink in order to gather the appropriate information and put you in contact with the Family Practice physician covering the needlestick hotline. • For all other after hours work related injuries that require immediate medical care, go directly to the UNC Emergency Department. If immediate medical care is not needed, then please report to the UEOHC the following day. • For a life-threatening injury or illness, call 911 or report to the Emergency Department located in the Neurosciences Hospital on Manning Drive.

22. On-the-Job Injury or Illness • Report the incident to your supervisor immediately no matter how minor. • Once the injury or illness is reported, an accident investigation will occur to determine the cause of incident and corrective action taken to prevent the incident from reoccurring. • A NCIC Form 19 must be completed • Please note: Failure to report an incident could result in denial of a workers compensation claim.

23. Hazard Communication Background What is OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard? OSHA’s Hazard Communication standard (29 CFR 1910.1200), promulgated 1994, requires that employees be informed of the hazards of chemical(s) that they work with or are present in their work area.

24. OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (continued) The four elements of the program include: • Ensuring chemicals are labeled • Maintaining departmental/work unit/laboratory chemical inventories • Maintaining Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) • Training of personnel by Supervisor on the chemicals that are used or in the workplace

25. OSHA collaborates with United Nation Understanding the need for consistent classifications of hazards chemicals, OSHA decided to better align with the United Nations’ Globally Harmonized System by adopting a common classification and labeling of chemicals. To view details of this report, double click picture.

26. Benefits of Adopting GHS There are several benefits for OSHA in adopting the Globally Harmonized system. In particular, it will provide a common and coherent approach to classifying chemicals and communicating hazard information on labels and safety data sheets. Thus resulting in: • Consistency of information provided • Increase comprehension of hazards • Help address literacy problems • Facilitation of international trade of chemicals

27. OSHA Publishes Revised Standard In March 2012, the revised Hazard Communication Standard became law and included an established timeframe for implementation. The table below outlines the effective dates, requirements and responsible parties.

28. Benefit of HazCom2012 With the University’s mission to “serve North Carolina, the United States, and the World through teaching, research, and public service,” the new requirements under HazCom 2012 will enhance clarity for University employees positioned on campus as well as abroad.

29. HazCom2012 Requirements By December 2013, all University employees are to have received general training regarding “definitions”, “label” and “Safety Data Sheet” for chemicals under new HazCom 2012 standard. Supervisors are still required to provide job specific training to employees on the chemicals used in their area at least once and every time a new chemical is added. The training must cover proper use, handling, and personal protective equipment required for the safe handling of the hazardous chemicals.

30. Definitions HazCom 2012 will use a “specification” approach rather than a “performance-oriented” approach. Hazards will be classified thus providing a specific criteria for classification of health and physical hazards, as well as classification of mixtures. Specifically: • Appendix A defines health and physical hazards • Appendix B includes additional parameters to evaluate health hazard data • Appendix F pertains to Carcinogens

31. Labels HazCom 2012 requires chemical manufacturers and importers to provide a label that includes a harmonized product identifier, pictogram, signal word, and hazard statement for each hazard class and category. Precautionary statements must also be provided.

32. Labels - Pictograms Pictograms are required on labels to alert users of the chemical hazards to which they may be exposed. Each pictogram consists of a symbol on a white background framed within a red border and represents a distinct hazard(s), such as health, physical, and environmental . The pictogram on the label is determined by the chemical hazard classification. There are nine pictograms with only the environmental pictogram being optional.

33. Labels – Distinct Hazards As previously stated, “Distinct hazards” are chemicals in which there is scientific evidence that a health, physical, and/or environmental hazards may occur. • Health Hazard - acute or chronic health affects may occur if exposed. • Physical Hazard - a combustible liquid, a compressed gas, explosive, flammable, an organic peroxide, an oxidizer, pyrophoric, unstable (reactive) or water-reactive • Environmental Hazard – pose risk or danger to the environment

34. Labels – Pictograms (Health) • Acute Toxicity (fatal and toxic) • Fatal in contact with skin • Fatal if inhaled • Fatal if swallowed • Toxic if swallowed • Toxic in contact with skin Examples: Carbon Monoxide, Ammonia, Acrylonitrile, Arsenic Skull and Cross Bones will appear on the most severely toxic chemicals. Depending on the toxicity of the chemical, the skull and crossbones indicates that the chemical may be toxic or fatal. Specifically it can mean:

35. Labels – Pictograms (Health) • May be corrosive to metals • Causes severe skin burns • Causes serious eye damage Examples: Sodium Hydroxide (lye) and Sulfuric Acid Corrosive will appear on chemicals that have corrosive properties. Depending on the properties of the chemical(s) in the product, the corrosion pictogram can mean:

36. Labels – Pictograms (Health) • Harmful if swallowed • Acute Toxicity (harmful) • Harmful in contact with skin • Skin Sensitizer • Harmful if inhaled • Respiratory Tract Irritant • Causes skin irritation • Irritant (skin and eye) • Causes serious eye irritation • May cause allergic skin reaction • Hazardous to Ozone Layer Examples: Isopropyl Alcohol, Ethyl Alcohol, Acetone Exclamation Mark will appear on chemicals with less severe toxicity. This symbol will never be used with “skull and crossbones” symbol. Depending on the health hazard, it can mean:

37. Labels – Pictograms (Health) • Carcinogen • Mutagenicity • Reproductive Toxicity • Respiratory Sensitizer • Target Organ Toxicity • Aspiration Toxicity Examples: Carbon Monoxide, Hexanes Health Hazard will appear on chemicals with less severe toxicity. This symbol will never be used with “skull and crossbones” symbol. Depending on the health hazard, it can mean:

38. Labels – Pictograms (Health/Physical) Gas Cylinder can cause fires, explosions, oxygen deficient atmospheres, toxic gas exposures as well as the innate physical hazard associated with cylinders under high pressure • Gases under pressure • Compressed gases • Liquefied gases • Refrigerated liquefied gases • Dissolved gases Examples: Butane and Propane

39. Labels – Pictograms (Physical) Exploding Bomb symbol will appear on chemicals that have explosive properties. • Unstable Explosives • Self-reactive substances and mixtures • Organic peroxides Examples: Nitroglycerine and TNT, Gunpowder, Rocket propellants, and Pyrotechnic mixtures (fireworks).

40. Labels – Pictograms (Physical) • Extremely flammable gas • Extremely flammable aerosol • Self-Heating • Flammable aerosol • Extremely flammable liquid and vapor • Highly flammable liquid and vapor • Flammable liquid and vapor • Flammable solid Examples: Butane, Pyrophorics, Organic Peroxides Flame symbol will appear on chemicals that are flammable. Depending on the properties of the chemical(s) and the product, the flame can mean:

41. Labels – Pictograms (Physical) Flame over circle symbol will appear on chemicals that are: • Oxidizers • Oxidizing gases, liquids, and solids Examples: Hydrogen Peroxide and Nitrous Oxide

42. Labels – Pictograms (Environment) Environment symbol will appear on chemicals which are acutely hazardous to fish, crustacean, or aquatic plants. This is the only symbol that is not mandatory. • Aquatic Toxicity • Acute hazards to the aquatic environment • Chronic hazards to the aquatic environment

43. Label – Signal Word A Signal Word is used to indicate the relative level of severity of hazard and alert the reader to a potential hazard on the label. The signal words used are: • "Danger" - used for the more severe hazards • “Warning" - used for less severe hazards.

44. Labels- Hazard Statement A Hazard Statement describes the nature of the hazard(s) of a chemical, including where appropriate the degree of hazard. All of the applicable hazard statements must appear on the label.

45. Labels – Precautionary Statement A Precautionary Statement is a statement that describes recommended measures that should be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects.

46. Label – What do UNC Employees need to do? Effective June 1 2015, all chemicals received at the University should have the required label. Any material transferred to another container must also have the same label versus just chemical/product name.

47. Safety Data Sheets HazCom 2012 requires Safety Data Sheets - SDS (formerly known as Material Safety Data Sheets – MSDS) to use a specified 16-section standardized format. Under the new format, employees wanting information regarding Exposure Controls/Personal Protection will always refer to Section 8 of the Safety Data Sheets.

48. Safety Data Sheets To improve employee understanding, information listed on the label, like Precautionary Statement, will be same information the employee will find on the Safety Data Sheet. The standardize 16 sections is broken down as follows:

49. Safety Data Sheet – 16 Sections • Identification of the substanceor mixture and of the supplier • Hazards identification • Composition/information on ingredients Substance/Mixture • First aid measures • Firefighting measures • Accidental release measures • Handling and storage • Exposure controls/personal protection • Physical and chemical properties • Stability and reactivity • Toxicological • Ecological information(non mandatory) • Disposal considerations(non mandatory) • Transport information(non mandatory) • Regulatory information(non mandatory) • Other information including information on preparation and revision of the SDS

50. Safety Data Sheets – What do UNC Employees need to do? By December 2015, distributors must provide the new format of Safety Data Sheets. Supervisors need to update the Safety Data Sheet notebooks and/or computer links in their job specific area to the newly format sheets. Remember SDS(s) must be accessible to employees at all times.