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Ammoniaak NH 3

Ammoniaak NH 3. Ammoniaagi saamine. Looduses tekib org. ainete lagunemisel. Laboris saadakse ammooniumsooladest. Tööstuses: N 2 + 3H 2 = 2NH 3 tingimused: t ° =400 ° C p= 100 at raudkatalüsaator. Ammoniaagi füüsikalised ja füsioloogilised om.

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Ammoniaak NH 3

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  1. Ammoniaak NH3

  2. Ammoniaagi saamine • Looduses tekib org. ainete lagunemisel. • Laboris saadakse ammooniumsooladest. • Tööstuses: N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3 tingimused: t°=400° C p= 100 at raudkatalüsaator

  3. Ammoniaagi füüsikalised ja füsioloogilised om. Õhust kergem terava lõhnaga mürgine gaas. Vees lahustub väga hästi. 10%-list vesilahust nim. nuuskpiirituseks. On ohtlik silmadale ja kontsentreerituma lahuse sissehingamisel põhjustab hingamislihaste krampi.

  4. Ammoniaagi keemil. omadused • Reag.veega, tekib ammoniaakhüdraat. NH3+H2O= NH3∙ H2O = NH4+ + OH- • Reag. hapetega, tekivad ammooniumsoolad,mis kergesti lagunevad 2NH3+H2SO4 =(NH4+)2SO42- • Reag.hapnikuga (N-IIIH3 on redutseerija ja oksüdeerub) Põlemine: 4NH3+3O2=2N2+6H2O Katal.oks.:4NH3+5O2=4NO+6H2O (Pt kat.)

  5. NH4+ -iooni tõestamine NH4+Cl + NaOH = NH3↑ + H2O + NaCl Eralduv ammoniaak tuvastatakse lõhna järgi või märja indikaatorpaberiga.

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