Do Now:

1. Do Now: • Who is the woman pictured? • What country is she in charge of? • How is this meme true in regards to world History? • Who is this woman? • What “job” does she have? • How does her “job” and position relate to new European Imperialism? • Answer on the top of the page 127 in your notebook.

2. The White Man’s Burden: put on middle of 127 The ports ye shall not enter,The roads ye shall not tread,Go mark them with your living,And mark them with your dead.Take up the White Man's burden--And reap his old reward:The blame of those ye better,The hate of those ye guard--The cry of hosts ye humour(Ah, slowly!) toward the light:--"Why brought he us from bondage,Our loved Egyptian night?"Take up the White Man's burden--Ye dare not stoop to less--Nor call too loud on FreedomTo cloke (1) your weariness;By all ye cry or whisper,By all ye leave or do,The silent, sullen peoplesShall weigh your gods and you.Take up the White Man's burden--Have done with childish days--The lightly proferredlaurel, (2)The easy, ungrudged praise.Comes now, to search your manhoodThrough all the thankless yearsCold, edged with dear-bought wisdom,The judgment of your peers! Take up the White Man's burden--Send forth the best ye breed--Go bind your sons to exileTo serve your captives' need;To wait in heavy harness,On fluttered folk and wild--Your new-caught, sullen peoples,Half-devil and half-child.Take up the White Man's burden--In patience to abide,To veil the threat of terrorAnd check the show of pride;By open speech and simple,An hundred times made plainTo seek another's profit,And work another's gain. Take up the White Man's burden--The savage wars of peace--Fill full the mouth of FamineAnd bid the sickness cease;And when your goal is nearestThe end for others sought,Watch sloth and heathen FollyBring all your hopes to nought.Take up the White Man's burden--No tawdry rule of kings,But toil of serf and sweeper--The tale of common things.

3. Examine the Document: Undneath poem on 127 Questions to consider: 1. What does Kipling believe was the “white man’s burden?”(find evidence) 2. Who was the intended audience of this poem? 3. According to Kipling, what would be the response of those being ‘civilized?’ (find evidence)

4. New Imperialism: top of 128 • In the 19th and 20th centuries, there was a saying about Great Britain: • “The Sun Never Sets on the British Empire” • What do you think this meant? • Imperialism: the domination of one country over another

5. Old vs. New:

6. Motives for New Imperialism:

7. How did the Europeans so Easily Defeat Foreign nations? • Weakened governments in China, India, and Africa • European strengths: • Better Technology • Well-organized governments • Medicine/Vaccines • Strong Economies • Powerful Militaries (Weapons/Ships, Transportation)

8. Forms of Imperial Control:

9. Analyzing Imperialist Motives bottom of128 • What adjectives would you use to describe Africa’s topography? • How do you think the topography of Africa affected the people of Africa? • Africa is often called the dark continent, why do think it was called that? What influence did this have on European exploration and imperialism?

10. Africa Map: foldy flap 129 • During the Age of imperialism, all European powers wanted a piece of Africa. This scramble explains many of the modern boundaries. • Label all the countries in Africa. • Then color code them using the following guidelines: • Choose 1 color for each European country and shade the map according to what they claimed during imperialism • Countries: • 1. Belgium • 2. Britain • 3. French • 4. German • 5. Italian • 6. Portuguese • 7. Spanish

11. The Scramble for Africa: • New Imperialism • C. 1800s

12. Initial Exploration and Colonization: • Dr. Livingstone of Scotland explored the interior of Africa to promote Christianity. • American Henry Stanley was sent to find him. • And was later commissioned by the Belgium king to explore and obtain land in the Congo.

13. King Leopold II of Belgium: • Colonization of the Congo • Stated purpose of the colonization: • Abolish the slave trade and spread Christianity • Actual Motivation: Conquest and Profit • “For Millions of men still plunged in Barbarianism, (this) will be the dawn of a better era.” King Leopold II • Impacts of Belgium Conquest: • Exploited Africans / forced labor- (sap from rubber plants) • 10 million Congolese die • Humanitarians demand change • Instigated competition between European countries to control Africa.

14. Mankind Questions : Put on notebook page 130 underneath your Scramble for Africa Notes. • The Quest for Rubber 24:28 – 27:49 1. What did Charles Goodyear sacrifice in his quest to make rubber useful? (Name at least three). • Exploitation in the Congo 27:49 – 34:33 1. What did Harris decide to do about the problem? 2. Writer Judith Lindbergh said that, “Just one look at what had happened to these people in the Congo…was able to communicate so broadly and so horrifically that it transformed world opinion and it changed society.” What about these photos enabled them to change

15. Berlin Conference: • When? 1884 • Who? European Countries (Not Africans) • Where? Berlin, Germany • Why? To avoid bloodshed/ war between Europeans • Overall Impact? Almost entire African continent was partitioned in over 20 years without any regards to ethnic or religious groups.

16. Berlin Conference: • As the British prime minister at the time Lord Salisbury put it, • “we have been engaged in drawing lines upon maps where no white man’s feet have ever told; we have been giving away mountains and rivers and lakes to each other, only hindered by the small impediment that we never knew exactly where the mountains and rivers and lakes were.” 

17. European Conflict in South Africa: • Who were the Boers? Dutch Farmers (Afrikaners) • When did Great Britain take over? 1800’s • Impact: Clashed with the Dutch over land and slaves. Many Boers moved further north.

18. Boer War: • Causes: Discovery of gold and diamonds • Short-Term results: British defeated the Boers by brutal means. • Long-Term Results: British eventually controlled south Africa and established apartheid.

19. The Zulu: • 'If I am called upon to conduct operations against them,' he wrote in July 1878, 'I shall strive to be in a position to show them how hopelessly inferior they are to us in fighting power, altho' numerically stronger.‘ • Lord Chelmsford • Through the conquest of other African groups, Shaka Zulu united the Zulu nation. • Zulus defended the isandlwana when they defeated the British in 1879 • (20,000 Zulus attacked and killed between 1350 and 1750 British.)

20. Resistance Movements: • What was the outcome of resistance movements? • Overall unsuccessful. • Ex. MajiMaji rebellion – East African villagers believed that by • sprinkling magic water on their bodies, they could turn German • bullets into water (war ordained by God)

21. Ethiopia’s Fight for Independence: • Leader – MenelikII • Tactics to maintain independence – • 1. modernizedthe country (ex. roads, • bridges, schools) • 2. stockpiled modern weapons – 3. defeated the Italians