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The Chemistry of Acids and Bases

The Chemistry of Acids and Bases. Acid and Base Scale. Acids pH from 0 to 7 Neutral pH is 7 Base pH from 7 to 14. pH is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration pH = -log[H + ]. Acids. Have a sour taste. Vinegar, orange juice, lemonade. Donates an H+. Bases. Have a bitter taste.

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The Chemistry of Acids and Bases

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  1. The Chemistry of Acids and Bases

  2. Acid and Base Scale Acids pH from 0 to 7 Neutral pH is 7 Base pH from 7 to 14 pH is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration pH = -log[H+]

  3. Acids Have a sour taste. Vinegar, orange juice, lemonade. Donates an H+ Bases Have a bitter taste. Feel slippery. Donates OH- Ammonia, detergents, bleach

  4. Monoprotic vs. Diprotic Monoprotic- an acid that can donate only 1 proton to a base (HCl)Diprotic- an acid that has two ionizable hydrogen atoms in each molecule, such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4) Effects titrations

  5. Oxalic acid, H2C2O4 ACID-BASE REACTIONSTitrations A common laboratory method of chemistry that is used to determine the unknown concentration of an identified acid or base What is a titration? H2C2O4(q) + 2NaOH(aq) Na2C2O4(aq) + 2H2O(l) acidbase Ionic SaltWater

  6. Acid + Base  HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) HOH(l) +NaCl(aq) • When we add the two together what do we get? • Neutralization Reaction • What is the equivalence point? • Equal moles of acid and base

  7. Titration 1. Add known solution to unknown solution to determine concentration. 2. Phenolphthalein indicator shows the equivalence point. (Acid = Base) This is called NEUTRALIZATION.

  8. Standardization of a solution of NaOH 35.62 mL of NaOH is neutralized with 25.2 mL of 0.0998 M HCl by titration to an equivalence point. What is the concentration of the NaOH? Ma Va = Mb Vb Ma Va = Mb Vb (0.0998 M) (25.2 mL) = 0.0706 M (35.62 mL)

  9. Practice In a titration of 35.00 mL of 0.737 M H2SO4, __________ mL of a 0.827 M KOH solution is required for neutralization.

  10. Reminders Homework: • Titrations WS • Read through lab Reminders: • Parent Letter DUE – bring in ASAP • Extra Credit Due Friday (5/11) • Thermo Test Corrections Due Thursday (5/10) at 8:30 am • Sig Figs Redemption Thursday (5/10) at 7:30 am

  11. Wednesday and ThursdayMay 9 and 10

  12. Review Homework

  13. Review Homework

  14. What is too pink?

  15. The Stopcock Closed Open

  16. The Meniscus • Read “upside down” • Use paper to help see line

  17. More Hints • Label beakers (tape on hood) • Use paper to see color change

  18. Acid or Base and Skin Severity will vary with concentration, but BE SAFE, NOT SORRY!! Rinse skin IMMEDIATELY and call for Ms. Bjorge

  19. Standardization of a Base Lab Wear goggles and aprons If I have to tell you once to put them on you are out with a ZERO! Leave Buret in holder You will have to do multiple trials (as many as 10) Lab “write up” due BEGINNING of the period on Friday

  20. Done in lab? Did you complete at least 3 GOOD trials? The more the merrier! Homework: Lab Write Up Study for quiz Reminders: Parent Letter DUE – bring in ASAP Extra Credit Due Friday (5/11) Thermo Test Corrections Due Thursday (5/10) at 8:30 am Sig Figs Redemption Thursday (5/10) at 7:30 am Acid/Base Quiz Friday (5/11)

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