Chapter 6: The Road to Revolution

1. Tighter British Control Chapter 6: The Road to Revolution

2. Setting the Stage: • England needed the colonies. Mercantilism was England’s way of maintaining her position of power in the world. • The English suddenly wanted to regain control of the colonies after having left them alone for a long period of time. • The colonists resented the interference.

3. England Needs America

4. Imports and Exports between England and North America from 1763-1776 Not only did the colonists supply raw materials to England, they also bought all of their finished products from England. England was making a killing selling finished products to the colonists.

5. Quiz Questions: • 1. For what economic system did the English need the colonies? • 2. What was worth more money: the exports to England from the colonies, or the imports to the colonies from England?

6. The Colonies and Britain Grow Apart • With the help of the Colonists, the British won the French and Indian War • In 1763, The Treaty of Paris awarded England all of the land from the Appalachian Mountains to the Mississippi River.

7. The Proclamation of 1763 • The colonists were eager to claim the new land beyond the Appalachians. • King George, however, didn’t want trouble with the Indians, so he passed a Proclamation forbidding the colonists to move beyond the Appalachian Mountains

8. To Make Matters Worse. . . . • The Colonists were angry over the Proclamation of 1763. They felt they deserved the new land because they had fought for it. • Then, King George decided the colonists should help pay for the debt he’d acquired fighting the French and Indian War, so he passed the Sugar Act which placed a tax on molasses, sugar, and other items shipped to the colonies

9. And Even WORSE . . . . . • King George wanted to enforce the Proclamation of 1763 by preventing the colonists from moving across the mountains. • He also wanted to make sure the colonists didn’t smuggle goods from other countries to avoid the Sugar Act. • So, George passed the Quartering Act. • He wanted to keep troops in America to enforce his laws, but he didn’t want to pay for their room and board. • The Quartering Act stated that colonists HAD to allow British soldiers to live in their homes.

10. Colonists became increasingly angry: • Colonists were angry over the Quartering and Sugar Acts. • Remember, the colonists had enjoyed a long period of salutary neglect in which they made their own rules. • They resented the king’s sudden enforcement of laws. • They especially resented being taxed without their consent. They had no representatives in Parliament.

11. Quiz Questions • Why did King George pass the Proclamation of 1763? • Why did the king think the colonists should begin paying taxes to England?

12. And Then Came the STAMP ACT

13. Quiz Questions: • The colonists were angry over the Stamp Act because it was “taxation without _________________.” • What did the stamp act tax? • How did the colonists protest the Stamp Act? • Did it work?

14. The Townshend Acts • The King wasn’t happy over the colonists’ refusal to pay taxes. • His finance minister, Charles Townshend, suggested new acts. • One of these acts suspended New York’s assembly until New Yorkers agreed to house soldiers.

15. And. . . . • The Townshend Acts placed duties or taxes on imported goods such as glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea. • The Townshend Acts also gave soldiers the right to search colonists homes with warrants known as writs of assistance. • These writs could be issued without probable cause to search homes for smuggled goods.

16. The Townshend Acts

17. Tools of Protest • To protest the Townshend Acts, the colonists began another boycott of English goods. • Samuel Adams, a brewer, and the leader of the Sons of Liberty led the protests

18. Quiz Questions • What is a boycott? • Who was the leader of the Sons of Liberty?

19. Trouble brews . . . . . • In the fall of 1768, 1,0000 British soldiers arrived in Boston under the command of General Thomas Gage. • These soldiers were to enforce the Townshend Acts • Tension filled the streets of Boston

20. The Boston Massacre

21. Quiz Questions: • How many Bostonians were killed in the Boston Massacre? • Did Paul Revere use propaganda to stir up anger among the colonists?

22. The Tea Act Finally, the boycott of English goods and the anger of the colonists forced Parliament to repeal the Townshend Acts. BUT. . . . King George left one tax in place . . . The tax on tea.

23. The Boston Tea Party

24. Quiz Questions • In what year did the Boston Tea Party take place? • Other than the destruction of property, was The Boston Tea Party a peaceful demonstration?

25. The Intolerable Acts • England’s rulers were furious over the Boston Tea Party. • Determined to get the colonists under control, Parliament and King George passed the Coercive Acts. The Colonists called these the Intolerable Acts.

26. The Intolerable Acts

27. The First Continental Congress Meets • In response to the Intolerable Acts, the colonists formed the First Continental Congress. • In the eyes of the king, this was treason.

28. Quiz Questions: • The colonists called these acts the Intolerable Acts. What did the English call them? • What did the colonists do in response to the Intolerable Acts?

29. King George Sends a fleet to Boston to close the port by force.

30. Credits • Film content for this presentation came from: Ken Burns’ documentary Liberty. • Information for the presentation was excerpted from McDougal Littel’s Creating America: Beginnings through Reconstruction.