Gender Responsive Budgeting in Rajasthan

1. Gender Responsive Budgeting in Rajasthan Sara Pilot UNIFEM, New Delhi May 2007

2. What is Gender Responsive Budgeting? Gender Responsive Budgeting (GRB) aims to analyse how effectively Government’s policies, programmes and budgetary allocations respond to the needs and concerns of women and girls and what impact they have on Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment Six departments taken up initially – Health, Education, Agriculture, WCD, Registration and Stamps and Social Welfare

3. GRB for the Department of Health FINDINGS: • 24% of doctors of all health facilities are women – but only 12% in PHCs • 43% of OPD/IPD patients are women • 95% of sterilizations done on women – but easier, less costly, shorter for men • 48% of immunization is for girls • Women are 45% of beneficiaries of Sanjeevani Prog (for tribal and desert in 4 districts) • No sex-disaggregated data for CM Relief and CM Life Saving Fund, Blindness Control Programme • 80% patients in STD clinics are women • 22% of HIV cases are women • 45% of recipients of Micronutrient programme are girls/women

4. Recommendations - Health • Need for indicators that reflect the coverage and quality of services • Need to look at the number of men and women requiring a particular service or treatment and not only the numbers being treated • Need to ensure medicines, skilled staff presence • For women employees – residences, loans for 2-wheelers, safety to be the panchayats responsibility • Act urgently to reduce maternal mortality • Government should partner with NGOs and private sector for service delivery • Gap analysis of services, personnel, medicines & equipment to be done and costed

5. GRB for the Department of EducationPercentage enrolment of girls in various educational institutions (2004-05)

6. Recommendations - Education • To promote girl’s education – - More women teachers - Separate toilets for girls - Make teachers responsible for results - More scholarships for girls - Provide Day Care Centres - More girls colleges at sub-divisional level - More hostels for girls • Promote participation of NGOs and private sector • Link incentives with vocational training • Enhance quality and review curriculum

7. GRB for the Department of Agriculture FINDINGS: • Women less than half the main workers, but are the majority of marginal workers • In Dausa, women 12% of sprinkler beneficiaries, 5% for demos of oilseeds, pulses & maize & 7.28% for mini-kits • No women beneficiaries of tractors or plant protection subsidies • 206 training camps for 6180 women in 2005-06 – figure is decreasing annually • 1349 girls provided financial incentives for studying agriculture

8. Recommendations - Agriculture • Provide easy loans to women farmers (WF) • Have separate targets for WF • Have reduced premium and quick settlement of insurance claims for WF • Introduce ‘women friendly’ activities like vermiculture, floriculture, organic farming • Set up a gender Resource Centre in DoA • Conduct Time Use Studies to assess quantum and kind of work done by w/men • Reserve some posts in DoA for women – run special courses, with more incentives for girls to become eligible • Coordinate with Dept of Registration & Stamps who register agriculture land in women’s name • Wide and innovative publicity for schemes for WF

9. GRB for the Department of DWCD FINDINGS: • Adult Sex Ratio Rajasthan is 921, lower than the national average of 933. Child Sex Ration worsening. • 35,821 Anganwadi Centres of ICDS provides - Supplementary nutrition to 15 lakh boys, 13.65 lakh girls & 6.44 lakh women, reaching 40% eligible children and 52% eligible women - Immunization to 13 lakh children and 4 lakh pregnant women (Tetanus Toxoid) every year - 7th Campaign 95% children Vit A (to prevent blindness) - 13 lakh children (50% girls) pre-school education

10. DWCD Cont… - 1.39 lakh adolescent girls included in Kishori Shakti & Kishori Balika Scheme - 21,609 Sahyoginis assist existing staff - Shishu Palna Grihas set up in 419 AWC to provide day care & medical facilities(7mths – 5 yrs) • Women Development Programme - 20,315 Self Help Groups formed in 2005-06 - 7497 Sathins recruited last year • Balika Samridhi Yojana – provides Rs.500 to BPL family, on birth of up to 2 daughters

11. Recommendations - DWCD • Need to address the declining sex ratio • Quality of services needs to be monitored • Sub-optimal utilisation of funds must be analysed • Women and girls should not be clubbed together – need to compare boys to girls • Some schemes been running for many years. Need an impact assessment e.g. ICDS 30 yrs old • Study why ICDS is reaching only 50% of the eligible • Consider bifurcation of ICDS and WDP to ensure a women focus

12. GRB for the Department of Registration and Stamps FINDINGS: • Stamp duty only 5.5% (8% for men) if agriculture land registered in women’s name • From Jan 2004 to Dec 05, over 2,00,000 registrations in women’s name • Stamp duty for gift deeds in women’s name down from 8 to 5% • Mandatory registration (Rs. 50 stamp duty only) of divorce instrument to safeguard women

13. Recommendations – R & S • Carry out impact assessment of reduction in stamp duty on agriculture transaction if in women’s name – has her status changed? Does she physically have the deed and realise it’s implications • Introduce similar reduction for urban property – could start with single women, widows and divorcees • For joint ownership could have a stamp duty rate lower than for men only • Consider stamp duty concessions for the other 30 transactions registered by the department, where the women are beneficiaries • Women friendly procedures must be ensured

14. GRB for the Department of Social Welfare FINDINGS: • The share of girl SC ST and OBC are: - 15% in hostels - 15-25% of scholarships - 20% under Book Bank for higher education - 50-60% in residential schools • Less than a quarter students given scholarships from STs are girls for post matric study. • Under atrocities alleviation scheme 33% beneficiaries are women • Only 20% children enrolled under the child welfare programme are girls • Only 10% of orphans in the orphanages are girls

15. Social Welfare Cont… • 60% of children in Shishu Grihas are girls • 33% of children of Palanhaar scheme are girls • 33 hostels provide accommodation to working women • Widow’s daughters provided Rs.10,000 grant for marriage (was 5,000) • Women are about 33% of beneficiaries of Disabilities Scheme & Viswas (provides artificial limbs/appliances) • 60% of old age pensioners are women

16. Recommendations –Social Welfare • Consider revising name of department to ‘Social Justice and Empowerment’ • Study why though more deprived women, beneficiaries are less – change modalities, conditions to suit women • Link Marriage grant to daughters of widows to some vocational activity/course. Only 2 daughters? • Do beneficiary assessment studies for WWHostels and Short Stay Homes • Along with Old Age Pension, give aged a role and responsibility in society • Change name of ‘Home for Mentally Retarded’ • Study adequacy of scholarship • No utilisation of inter-caste marriage scheme.

17. Common Recommendations for all departments • MIS must ensure sex-disaggregated data • Impact assessment of at least 2 key programmes / schemes each year • Study reasons for gap between Budget Estimates (BE) and Revised Estimates (RE) • All departments to do GRB every alternate year • Employ more women, especially in departments dealing more with girls and women, like health, education, agriculture, DWCD & SW (15.8% women) • Construct living quarters (in one area) in bigger villages or block HQ for all female village level staff like ANMs, teachers, AWW, doctors etc.

18. Progress • Education: Discussion on the need for safe transport/cycles for girls going to secondary school • Agriculture: Scholarships for girls in higher secondary class and college raised • Agriculture: Train more women (6,000 to 20,000) • DWCD: ICDS and WDP have been segregated • Social Welfare: Revised MIS introduced to generate sex disaggregated data • Social Welfare: Suggestion to change the Dept name has been submitted to the Cabinet

19. Decisions Taken in Nov • GRB to be conducted in: Local Self Govt, Tribal Area Development, Industries, Cooprative, Forest, Horticulture and Animal Husbandry • 6 previous departments to develop an updated GRB report • Plan Department to undertake an in-depth study for pension schemes in the State • All depts to include a chapter on GRB in annual administrative reports • All secretaries and HODs to be sensitised on gender issues

20. THANK YOU