1 / 19

状语从句

状语从句. 概念. 一个 ____ 在复合句中用作状语时 , 在语法上叫状语从句。从句由 _____ 或 ________ 引导。 分类: 状语从句可表示 1) ________ 2) _________ 3) _________ 4) _________ 5) _________ 6) _________ 7) _________ 8) _________

greg
Download Presentation

状语从句

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. 状语从句

  2. 概念 一个____在复合句中用作状语时,在语法上叫状语从句。从句由_____或________引导。 分类: 状语从句可表示1) ________ 2) _________ 3) _________ 4) _________ 5) _________ 6) _________ 7) _________ 8) _________ 9) _________等 句子 名词词组 连词 地点 时间 目的 原因 结果 条件 行为方式 比较 让步

  3. 一. 引导时间状语从句 1. when, while , as, before, after, until, till, since, ever since, once, as soon as , 2. every time, next/last/each time, the first time, the moment, the minute, the instant 3. hardly…when, no sooner…than, scarcely…when 其中when,till, until,before, after, as soon as,the moment等引导时,如果主句的时态是一般将来时,则从句的时态用一般现在时。

  4. when, while, as • _______________ we were talking, Mr Smiths came in. • _____ they came home, I was cooking dinner. • I was about to go to bed _______ I heard someone knock at the door. • 4. ________ we were watching TV, he was studying. • 5. He is fat _______ his brother is thin. • 6. ______ she sang, tears ran down her face. • Conclusion: • A: 从句为”当……的时候”,从句谓语为延续性动词,主句谓语为非延续性动词(即终止性动词), 三者可通用. • B 当从句的谓语动词为终止性动词,只能用when; 表示”正在那时”, 也只能用when. • C.从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动词时, 只能用while; while还可作并列连词,表示”而”. • D.当强调主句和从句的动作同时发生时,只能用as, 译为”一边……一边……; 随着……” While/ As/ When When when While while As

  5. before,after,since before • He had left the town the day ______ she arrived. • It was not long _____ he left his hometown. • I played football _____ I (had) finished my homework • Please tell her I’ll come _______ I do some shopping. • It will not be long _____ we meat each other again. • I__________ (be) at his bedside since he _______ (become) ill. • It _________ (be) two years since we _______ (begin) to use this machine. before after after before have been became is/ has been began Conclusion: 1.before引导的从句是过去式, 主句是过去时或过去完成时;. 主句为过去时,after从句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时.since从句用过去时态, 主句一般用现在完成时. It is/ has been+一段时间+since从句 “自从…已经…” It was/ won’t be +一段时间+before从句 “过了…才...”

  6. till 与until: 1. He lived with his parents ________ he graduated from college. 2. Not ____ he told me did I know the truth. 3. The children ___________ (will come) home until/ till it’s dark. 4. It was _________ the war was over that he returned to his land. till/ until until won’t come not until Conclusion: 1.位于句首时.只能用until, 不用till. 2. not…until可改写为: It is/ was not until… that强调句. 3. not until放在句首,主句谓语要部分倒装。

  7. 一…就… The moment/ minute/ As soon as • _______________________he saw the monster, he turned pale. • The spy had _________ returned home than he was told to go to another country. • We had ____________returned home when it rained. • ____________ had we begun when we told to stop. • ill. no sooner hardly/scarcely Hardly/ Scarcely Conclusion: • hardly…when, no sooner…than, scarcely…when引导,从句用过去完成时,主句用一般过去时。 • 否定词hardly, scarely和no sooner位于句首时,从句要部分倒装。

  8. 二. 地点状语从句: where, anywhere, everywhere. You would let your children play where you can see them.

  9. 三. 原因状语从句: because, as, since, for Conclusion: • because语气最强,强调原因,既可以放在句首,也可以放在句中。回答“why ”的提问。 • since表示“既然”,语气较弱;强调结果,只可以放在句首。 • as语气最弱,强调结果,只可以放在句首。 • for表示通过逻辑推断得出的原因。

  10. 用because, as, since 与for填空: • --Why are you crying, meg? • --- ______ I’ve broken your necklace, mom. • 2. I went to bed early _______ I was tired. • 3. I was not kind to him_______ he was rude. • 4. ________ I had a cold, I was absent from school. • 5. My mother was ill and I sent for Tom, ___ he was a doctor. • 6. _____ we are all here, let’s begin our class. because because because As for Since

  11. 四. 条件状语从句: if, unless, once, as/ so long as(只要), so far as(据我所知…), Conclusion: • 条件状语从句中一般用“主将从现”. • 虚拟语气在If引导的条件状语从句的使用:

  12. If I_______ (be) a bird, I would fly to you. • If you ________ (leave) home a little earlier this morning, you _______________ (catch) the bus. • _____ bad weather stops me, I jog every day. • _______ I arrive at Beijing, I’ll call you. • I’ll go ___________________ you go. • _______ anything important happens, please call me up. were had left would have caught Unless Once as / so long as If

  13. 五、让步状语从句 though, although, even if/ though, no matter…, whatever, however…, whether…or…, as though/although • He went out, ________ it was raining. • _________ they are poor, they buy a great many books. • Child ____ he is, he has learnt advanced mathematics. • _______he is a child, he has learnt advanced mathematics. • No matter ________ happens, don’t be discouraged. • No matter ______ you go, you must write to your parents. • No matter ______ hard he tried, he couldn’t open the door. • No matter ______ you marry in the future, he must be an honest man. Although as Even if what where how who

  14. Conclusion: • Although多用于句首. • as引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管、虽然”。但从句要倒装。句型为: • adj./adv./单数n.(不加冠词)+as+主语+谓语… • Young as she is, she can help her mother. • Fast as he runs, he is the last one.

  15. 六、目的与结果状语从句 so that, in order that so(that), so…that…, such… that…. • He got up early _____________________ he could catch the bus. • ____________ he could catch the bus, he got up early. • I was caught in a shower, ________ all my clothes got wet. • It’s ____ cold _____ the lake has frozen. • There are ______ many books there _____ I don’t know which one to borrow. • It’s _____ good a book _______ I’ve read it again and again. • It was _____ a cold day _____ there was nobody on the street. • ______ cold weather remained for three days _____ I had to stay at home all day long. in order that/ so that In order that so that that so so that that so such that that Such

  16. Conclusion: • 由so that; in order that 引导的目的状语从句中通常用may, could, can等情态动词. • In order that从句可放于句首,而so that 引导的从句只能放在主句之后. • 3. so…that引导结果状语从句时, so常用于修饰形容词或副词, 或用于修饰many, much, little, few.语序为:so+adj./adv. • so+adj.+a/ an+n. • 4. such可修饰任何名词,当其修饰单数可数名词时, 语序为:such+a/ an +(adj.) +n.

  17. 七、比较状语从句: as, than, as…as, not so/as…as, the+比较级… the+比较级 as as • His brother is ____ handsome ____ he (is). • The movie was not ______ good ____ I had expected. • Your bag is twice as expensive as _______ (me). • The driver drives faster _____ he used to (drive). • _________ knowledge we learn, _________ (happy) we will be. so/ as as mine than The more the happier Conclusion: 1.请保持人称代词的格前后一致.如:1, 3. 2. 倍数词须加在比较结构的前面.如:3. 3. 句中相同的成分,如动词,常常省去.如:1, 4.

  18. 八、方式状语从句: as(像,如), as if/ though(仿佛、似乎), just as(就像), as if • He stood up _____ (he wanted ) to leave. • She always talks to me as if she _____ (be) my sister. • He walked slowly as if he _______ (hurt) his leg. were had hurt Conclusion: • as if从句里的主语与动词如和主句一致有时可省略. • as if 从句叙述的情况如果与事实相符合,从句不用虚拟语气,从句时态与主句保持一致. • as if 从句叙述的情况如与事实不相符合,则从句用虚拟语气. • 与一般现在事实不符合:谓语动词 were/did • 与过去事实不符合:谓语动词 had done

  19. 改错: ____ • She was walking on the street while the accident happened. • ________ • 2.I will call you as soon as I will finish my homework. • _______ • 3. After the queen knows it is I that help you run away, she will kill me . ________ • 4. I have finished the composition when the bell rang. ______ while--- when will After– Once have- had Conclusion: 1. 连词的错用. 2. 时间与条件状语从句中的将来时用一般现在时。 4. 主句从句时态本该一致而不一致. 3.连词的错用

More Related