NCEL small wind

1. NCEL small wind Dealer/Installer Overview |

2. Contents • What is Wind Power? • A Short History of Wind Power • Today’s Wind Opportunity • Our offering • Questions Zephirus– Greek God of the West Wind (the Spring Wind)

3. What is Wind? • Wind is moving air. • The Sun heats up some parts of the Earth more than others. Hot air rises, causing cold air to replace it. • Wind is the result. It spreads heat more evenly around the world, creating the prevailing winds, as shown. • This is why wind may be considered a form of solar power.

4. Wind Market Potential in US Wind energy is harvested only where there is wind. Installation sites should (generally) have average wind speed of 11 mph or more to produce sufficient energy to justify the installation cost 10% of American households (14 million) is the estimated available residential market - in addition to commercial, and industrial markets. Source: NREL

5. What is Wind’s Position Among Energy Sources? Coal Finite and Depletable Stored (fossil fuels) Gas Solar Oil Radiation (“Solar”) Wind Biomass Renewable Infinite Hydro Ocean-Thermal Ocean-Wave Tidal (gravity) Non Solar Geothermal (earth heat) Nuclear

6. History of Wind Power • 40,000 BC: Asians use sailing craft to reach Australia • 3100 BC: Egyptian ships sail the Nile • 1500 BC: Polynesian sailing canoes are state of the sailing art • 19th Century: US Clipper ships are fastest in world Image courtesy of John H. Lienhard, www.uh.edu/engines/epi1720.htm

7. History of Wind Power • 1750 BC Hammurabi uses windmills for irrigation in Babylonia • 500-900 AD: Persians use windmills to grind corn and raise water oldest known wind turbines Mill from ancient Khorasan – today’s Iran, Afghanistan and Turkmenistan area

8. History of Wind Power 12th to 19th Centuries: Windmills have profound influence over cultural, economic and political development of Europe Dutch Wind Mills Early: Entire building moves Next: Only top moves Later: Addition of tail rotor improves performance Now: traditional Dutch windmill

9. History of Wind Power • Wind Power Revolutionized Society in Medieval Era: • Broke down monopoly power of aristocracy • Opened up social mobility for first time • Catalyst for middle-class enterprise and democracy • Technical advance led to social change: first time in history that a complex society was based on non-human power instead of slaves

10. History of Wind Power in America 1621: First US windmill – Williamsburg, VA 1600’s: Dutch built windmills near New Amsterdam (now New York) 17th & 18th Centuries: New England used wind mills for grain grinding However: Hydro power was more prevalent in early Colonial US than wind power

11. History of Wind Power in America Go West, Young Windmill! Historian Walter Prescott Webb: “.. it was the American windmill, in concert with barbed wire and the six-shooter, that allowed for successful settlement of many of the more parched places in the West.”

12. History of Wind Power in America A typical Western view Over 6 million windmills are estimated to have been sold in the West before electricity became widespread. Windmills in Sears Catalog – Only $35!

13. History of Wind Power in America Halladay Windmill from US Engine and Pump Co. America’s first commercially produced windmill, developed in 1857 by D. Halladay of CT.

14. History of Wind Power in America Charles F. Brush Inventor of world’s first wind-powered electrical generator The dynamo was connected to 408 batteries in Brush's basement. These dry cells illuminated 350 incandescent lamps, ranging from 10-50 candlepower, and operated three electric motors and two arc lights. The whole contraption produced 12 kilowatts at its peak. The windmill reportedly lasted for 20 years, until 1909. Brush's batteries lasted until 1929. c.1888 – Brush Wind Dynamo at his mansion in Cleveland, OH. 60 feet high, 56 ft diameter, 40 tons, 12kW peak power at 500 rpm

15. History of Wind Power in America • Battery charging turbines were popular in the early 1900’s prior to the spread of rural electricity during the Depression Era. • Sears, Zenith, Montgomery Ward, Wincharger, Jacobs, were examples of small wind turbines for this market.

16. History of Wind Power in America • As electrification expanded in the early 1900’s, the appeal of wind turbines lessened, and the windcharger market collapsed in the 1940’s and 1950’s. • America became “totally electrified” in the 1950’s and 1960’s (as well as “automobile-ized and suburb-ized”) based on the premise of unlimited cheap energy – most of which came from capital-intensive, highly centralized power sources.

17. History of Wind Power in America • The oil crisis of the early 1970’s, the collapse of the nuclear industry in the early 1980’s, the growth of environmental concerns, new legislation and funding, plus the recent run-up in energy costs and economic recession, have renewed interest in alternative energy sources. Renewable Energy will be a major growth market for decades to come.

18. What are small wind turbines? • A device that produces electricity from the wind • Typically less than 100kW rated output • Most look like miniature versions of their larger cousins • 2 blade, 3 blade or other • Up wind, down wind and vertical axis • Types of towers Dealer/Installer Overview |

19. Different Types of Wind Generators Upwind Downwind Wind Direction

20. Different Types of Wind Generators Vertical Axis Horizontal Axis Drag American water pump Crossflow Savonius Sailwing Lift Giromill Traditional Propeller Darrieus

21. Future of Wind Power in America • IEC Definition of a Small Wind Turbine: A wind turbine with a swept area of less than 200m2 = equivalent to a horizontal axis turbine of approx. 16m diameter • The U.S. market for 100 kW and smaller wind turbines grew 78% in 2008 • The American Wind Energy Association projects 30-fold growth within as little as five years

22. Towers • Mono poles • Typically inside climb • Most preference for urban location • Typically most eye appealing • Lattice towers • Typically most rigid • 4 legged or 3 legged • Guyed towers • Least cost • High wind load Dealer/Installer Overview |

23. Controllers UL listed or PE approved Dealer/Installer Overview |

24. Opportunities in wind energy Dealer/Installer Overview |

25. Consumers – owners • Farmers • Commercial/Industrial • Residences • Schools • Municipalities • Utilities Dealer/Installer Overview |

26. Electrical Contractors • Opportunity to diversify • Opportunity to sell • Opportunity for on-going maintenance • Service • Expanded product offering – “one stop shop” • Already have the relationship Dealer/Installer Overview |

27. Wholesale distributors • Diversity • Partnerships • Parts and maintenance • Familiar role with part stocking and problem solving • Sales of new equipment Dealer/Installer Overview |

28. Electric Utilities • Great opportunity to hit the sweet spot! • Positive interaction with your customers • Opportunity for RPS with investment coming from the end user • Opportunity to own the asset Dealer/Installer Overview |

29. How to site a wind turbine Dealer/Installer Overview |

30. How to site • Not all areas a suitable for a wind turbine • Know when to say no • Open hill with no trees • Tall tower helps • Bottom of the blade at least 30’ above any trees or structures within 500’ • Know where you are on the grid Dealer/Installer Overview |

31. Dealer/Installer Overview |

32. Dealer/Installer Overview |

33. Solar and Wind Resourcesare Complementary 400 Data from SE Iowa 350 Hours of Sunshine Hours of sunshine/month 300 Hours of sunshine or average wind power 250 200 Average wind power 150 100 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Jim Green and NREL

34. Growth of U.S. Small Wind Market Sales $USD Units kW Sold Current Market • Growth dominated by residential and upper-commercial markets • Growth in all segment but off-grid Cite source Cite source Dealer/Installer Overview |

35. U.S. Small Wind Market 2008 980 6619 On-Grid Off-Grid 5660 kW Sold in U.S. 2784 1331 Off-Grid Versus On-Grid Cite source Dealer/Installer Overview |

36. Wind systems • Residential & Marine applications • Commercial • Industrial • Solar generation systems • Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) • Generators • Home Standby • Industrial • Portable Milbank PowerGen™ Product Line Dealer/Installer Overview |

37. 1kW • Models: • Airdolphin GTO • Airdolphin Pro • AirdolphinMark-Zero • Rated power: .7kW @ 11 m/s • Applications requiring 500 to 3,000 kWh of electricity annually • Marine, garage, workshop, roof top and remote • Utility grid connection and off-grid battery systems Dealer/Installer Overview |

38. 5kW • Rated power: 5.2kW @ 11 m/s • Applications requiring 10,000 to 25,000 kWh of electricity annually • Residential, small farm, wind power demonstration and training applications Dealer/Installer Overview |

39. 35kW • Rated power: 35kW @ 11 m/s • Applications requiring 125,000-200,000 kWh of electricity annually • Schools, hospitals, commercial buildings, manufacturing and fabrication companies • Ideal for areas with limited net metering laws Dealer/Installer Overview |

40. 55kW • Rated power: 55kW @ 11 m/s • Applications requiring 200,000+ kWh of electricity annually • Schools, hospitals, commercial buildings, manufacturing and fabrication companies Dealer/Installer Overview |

41. Thank you! • Jim Pederson • Energy Solutions Specialist • Milbank PowerGen • 218-731-3051 • jpederson@milbankpowergen.com Dealer/Installer Overview |

42. Lise Trudeau Minnesota Department of Commerce, Division of Energy Resources Lise Trudeau | Engineer | Renewable Energy and Advanced Technologies | 651.297.1178  Dealer/Installer Overview |