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Art, Politics and Polemics: The Case of Octave Mirbeau

Art, Politics and Polemics: The Case of Octave Mirbeau. Dr Jessica Wardhaugh. Léon Daudet on Mirbeau.

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Art, Politics and Polemics: The Case of Octave Mirbeau

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  1. Art, Politics and Polemics: The Case of Octave Mirbeau Dr Jessica Wardhaugh

  2. Léon Daudet on Mirbeau ‘Il détestait les gendarmes, les douaniers, les contrôleurs, les rentiers, les huissiers, les concierges, les domestiques. Il professaitqu’unpréfetestpresquetoujours un inverti et un incestueux, et qu’unministreest, par définition, un voleur. Mais la démocratieluiétaitodieuse, les hommes de loi et les financiers le faisaientvomir. De sortequ’iln’avaitplus d’indulgenceque pour les enfants, les vagabonds, les trèsjeunes femmes, cinqou six peintres et sculpteurs, et les chiens.’ (Souvenirs, 1926)

  3. Lecture plan • I. Mirbeau: Early Influences •  Family background •  Political engagement • II. Journalist, Novelist, Anarchist •  Politics and fiction • Mirbeau and the anarchist milieu • III. Mirbeau and the Theatre • ‘ Social’ theatre • Critical responses

  4. Early life and influences • Born 1848 (Calvados) to a conservative, middle-class family • Educated by Jesuits at Vannes • Served in Franco-Prussian war • Worked on royalist and Bonapartist newspapers in early Third Republic

  5. Mirbeau on Zola’s Germinal ‘Il nous en reste un sentiment de terreurprofonde, et aussiunepitiédouloureuse, pour cesdéshérités des joiesterrestres…’

  6. Gilbert Chaitin on literature and religion in the Third Republic ‘The perceived loss of an absolute source or truth and guarantor of social cohesion in the form of Catholicism and the monarchy awakened in French consciousness a sense of the contingency of symbolic systems, of the Other’s feet of clay. In each of the four model novels I will examine a rent is opened up in the fabric of the regnant symbolic system that threatens to expose the traumatic Real that system serves to shield from view. For Bourget and Barrès, it is Enlightenment science and universalism that rings hollow; for France and Zola it is God, Catholicism and spiritualism that are mere covers for emptiness.’

  7. Théâtrecivique, 1897 ‘Nous dirons des vers, des prosesdevant le peuple et, pour témoignerhautement de notrehaineenvers le corrupteurmoderne: l’Argent, nosreprésentationsserontgratuites.’

  8. Jean Grave to Mirbeau, 1893 ‘La portée de votre pièce sera bien plus grandesi la morale découle de l’actionelle-même. Les tirades sontbonnes pour le livre de discussion, mais pour le roman, et le théâtresurtout, une situation biendécrite, une opposition de scènesbiendessinnées, sontbienmeilleuresàmon avis.’

  9. Octave Mirbeau, Les MauvaisBergers • Jean Roule: ‘Ils ne savent pas cequec’estque le sacrifice. Ilss’effarentdevant la faim... et tremblentdevant la mort! • Madeleine: ‘Aimez la mort! La mort estsplendide! ... nécessaire... et divine! Elle enfante la vie!’

  10. Emile de Saint-Auban ‘M. Mirbeau le connaîtbien, ce frère de safantaisie; danscesprocèsfameux, illuiportason témoignage; jadis, il fit et refit son portrait en des articles frémissants.... ces articles, leurverbe haut, leurpsychologiedramatique, je les retrouvedans la passion nerveuse, la vibration sonore des MauvaisBergers. Lorsque je défendais Jean Grave, M. Mirbeaucréait Jean Roule...’

  11. E. Dargan on Les Affaires, 1906 ‘The commercial question, we are sufficiently aware, is the question of the day. Finance is the all-absorbing thing. The man of affairs is the protagonist, if not the hero, of his time. Any play, therefore, which portrays principally such a character , his atmosphere and his relations, must be accorded a burning actuality. And such a play is Les Affaires. Concerning its novelty or originality, there would be more to say. It has been anticipated for some time by such dramas as Mercadet, La Question d’Argent, Mlle de la Sieglière, Le Gendre de M. Poirier, or Mlle de Marni. Yet in the one result which it set out to achieve, Les Affaires remains perhaps supreme.’

  12. Mirbeau on the social question: ‘Si je l’avais, cette solution, croyezquecen’est point au théâtreque je l’eusseportée, c’estdans la vie!’

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