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Introduction to the Old Testament

Introduction to the Old Testament. A survey of the Hebrew Bible. The Old Testament. Also known as Hebrew Bible First Testament Primary Testament The Scriptures Tanak. Hebrew Bible. Torah (Law, Pentateuch) Nebiim (Prophets) Former Prophets (Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings)

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Introduction to the Old Testament

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  1. Introduction to the Old Testament A survey of the Hebrew Bible

  2. The Old Testament Also known as • Hebrew Bible • First Testament • Primary Testament • The Scriptures • Tanak

  3. Hebrew Bible • Torah (Law, Pentateuch) • Nebiim (Prophets) • Former Prophets (Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings) • Latter Prophets (Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Twelve) • Ketubim (The Writings)

  4. Greek Old Testament (Septuagint) • Law • History (Joshua, Judges, Ruth, Samuel, Kings, Chronicles, Esdras, Esther, Judith, Tobit, Maccabees) • Poetry • Major Prophets (Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Baruch, Ezekiel, Daniel) • Minor Prophets (The Twelve)

  5. Time Periods Middle Bronze Age 2200-1550 BCE 12th Dynasty Egypt and Old Babylonian Late Bronze Age 1550-1200 BCE 18-19th Dynasty Egypt and Old Assyrian Iron Age 1200-586 BCE Egyptian and Mesopotamian decline, Then Neo-Assyrian, followed by Neo-Babylonian Persian Period 586-332 BCE End of Neo-Babylonian and Persian Hellenistic Period 332-37 BCE Alexander the Great and successors

  6. Primary History Prelude: Creation, Fall, Flood, and Dispersal First Movement: The Ancestors [God’s Election] Second Movement: Liberation and Covenant Third Movement: Settlement and Conflict Fourth Movement: Kingdom and Temple Coda: Captivity

  7. Creation Elsewhere in Bible, in context of praise, eg., Psalm 104 Job 38-39 At beginning of Bible, two stories presented consecutively: Genesis 1:1 – 2:3 Genesis 2:4b – 3:24 Set context of entire following story.

  8. Genesis 1 6 (7) days climaxing in Sabbath Creation by Word Importance of separations Humanity as divine image

  9. Genesis 2-3 Molding of man and extraction of woman woman as “helper” Role as gardener – and minor limitation of diet Rebellion and expulsion from garden limitation to earthly life

  10. Continuation Genesis 4 Cain and Abel ; growth of human race Genesis 5 Genealogy: from Adam to Noah

  11. Flood Mesopotamian stories Gilgamesh visits Utnapishtim [Atrahasis] Setting: Divine beings and human women [6:1-4] Two starts to story: 6:5 and 6:11 (separated by 6:9) Waters from above and below 7:11 Sweet smell leads to promise, although humans evil 8:20-22 Covenant and rainbow 9:12-17

  12. After the Flood Drunkenness of Noah 9:18-28 Descendants of Ham, Japheth, Shem: Gen 10 Tower of Babel 11:1-9 From Shem to Abram 11:10-32

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